Katha:2.3.18

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Mantra 2.3.18

Original Text:

मृत्युप्रोक्तान्नचिकेतोऽथ लब्ध्वा विद्यामेतां योगविधिं च कृत्स्नम् ।
	ब्रह्मप्राप्तो विरजोऽभूद्विमृत्युरन्योऽप्येवं यो विदध्यात्ममेव ॥ १८ ॥
mṛtyuproktānnaciketo’tha labdhvā vidyāmetāṃ yogavidhiṃ ca kṛtsnam |
	brahmaprāpto virajo’bhūdvimṛtyuranyo’pyevaṃ yo vidadhyātmameva || 18 ||
Word-by-Word Breakdown
Sanskrit Term Transliteration Hindi Meaning English Word or Meaning Comments
मृत्युप्रोक्तात् mṛtyu-proktāt यम द्वारा बताई गई – मृत्यु (यम) के द्वारा उपदेशित imparted by Mṛtyu (Yama)
नचिकेतः naciketaḥ नचिकेतस – नचिकेतस नामक व्यक्ति Naciketas (the seeker/student)
अथ atha तब – इसके बाद then, thereafter
लब्ध्वा labdhvā प्राप्त करके – प्राप्ति के बाद having acquired
विद्याम् vidyām ज्ञान – आत्मा का ज्ञान knowledge (of ātman)
एताम् etām इस – उपर्युक्त this (aforementioned)
योगविधिम् yoga-vidhim योग की विधि – ध्यान आदि की प्रक्रिया the method of yoga (discipline of yoga)
ca और – साथ ही and
कृत्स्नम् kṛtsnam सम्पूर्ण – पूर्ण रूप से entire, complete
ब्रह्मप्राप्तः brahma-prāptaḥ ब्रह्म को प्राप्त – ब्रह्म की उपलब्धि attained Brahman
विरजः virajaḥ दोषरहित – विकार, पाप आदि से मुक्त free from taint (stainless)
अभूत् abhūt हो गया – बन गया became
विमृत्युः vimṛtyuḥ मृत्यु से रहित – अमर free from death (deathless)
अन्यः anyaḥ अन्य – दूसरा व्यक्ति another (person)
अपि api भी – साथ ही also
एवं evaṃ इस प्रकार – इसी तरह thus, in this manner
यः yaḥ जो – वह व्यक्ति जो who
विदध्यात् vidadhyāt जानता है – समझता है knows, realizes
आत्मा ātmā आत्मा – स्व का स्वरूप ātman (true Self)
एव eva ही – निश्चित रूप से alone, indeed

Translation/Explanation

Hindi: नचिकेतस ने मृत्यु (यम) द्वारा उपदेशित इस आत्मा के ज्ञान और सम्पूर्ण योगविधि को प्राप्त कर, ब्रह्म को प्राप्त किया, दोष और मृत्यु से रहित हो गया। इसी प्रकार जो कोई भी इस तरह आत्मा का ज्ञान प्राप्त करता है, वह भी ब्रह्म को प्राप्त कर, पापरहित और अमर हो जाता है।

English: Naciketas, having acquired this knowledge imparted by Mṛtyu and the entire discipline of yoga, attained Brahman—becoming virajaḥ (free from taint) and vimṛtyuḥ (deathless). In the same way, another person who thus realizes the ātman also attains Brahman, becoming stainless and immortal.

Commentary

This verse concludes the narrative, extolling the supreme value of knowledge. Naciketas, having received from Mṛtyu (Yama) the knowledge of Brahman and the complete discipline of yoga, attained Brahman—becoming free from all taint (virajaḥ) and death (vimṛtyuḥ). This state is not exclusive to Naciketas; anyone who, like him, realizes the true nature of the ātman—unconditioned and all-pervading—also becomes stainless and immortal by attaining Brahman. The verse emphasizes that liberation is accessible to all who pursue this knowledge and discipline.

Concept List

mṛtyu-prokta-vidyā
yoga-vidhi
brahma-prāpti
virajaḥ
vimṛtyuḥ
ātma-jñāna
naciketas