Katha:2.3.8
Mantra 2.3.8
Original Text:
अव्यक्तात्तु परः पुरुषो व्यापकोऽलिङ्ग एव च । यं ज्ञात्वा मुच्यते जन्तुरमृतत्वं च गच्छति ॥ ८ ॥
avyaktāttu paraḥ puruṣo vyāpako’liṅga eva ca | yaṃ jñātvā mucyate janturamṛtatvaṃ ca gacchati || 8 ||
| Sanskrit Term | Transliteration | Hindi Meaning | English Word or Meaning | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| अव्यक्तात् | avyaktāt | अव्यक्त से – जो प्रकट नहीं है, जो इन्द्रियों से परे है | from Avyaktam – the unmanifest, that which is beyond sensory perception | |
| तु | tu | परन्तु – लेकिन, इसके बावजूद | but – however, nevertheless | |
| परः | paraḥ | श्रेष्ठ, परे – सबसे ऊपर, अंतिम | higher – transcendent, supreme | |
| पुरुषः | puruṣaḥ | पुरुष – चेतन सत्ता, आत्मा | puruṣa – the conscious principle, Self | |
| व्यापकः | vyāpakaḥ | सर्वव्यापी – सब में व्याप्त, सब जगह मौजूद | all-pervading – present everywhere, omnipresent | |
| अलिङ्गः | aliṅgaḥ | लिङ्ग रहित – कोई चिह्न या पहचान नहीं, गुणों से रहित | devoid of liṅga – without any distinguishing mark or attribute | |
| एव | eva | ही – निश्चित रूप से, केवल | indeed – verily, certainly | |
| च | ca | और – भी, साथ ही | and – also, moreover | |
| यम् | yam | जिसे – जिसको, उसको | whom – the one whom | |
| ज्ञात्वा | jñātvā | जानकर – समझकर, अनुभव करके | having known – by realizing, upon knowing | |
| मुच्यते | mucyate | मुक्त हो जाता है – बंधनों से छूट जाता है | is freed – becomes liberated, released | |
| जन्तुः | jantuḥ | प्राणी – जीव, प्राणी मात्र | mortal being – living entity, individual soul | |
| अमृतत्वम् | amṛtatvam | अमरत्व – अमरता, मृत्यु का अभाव | immortality – state of deathlessness, liberation from death | |
| च | ca | और – भी, साथ ही | and – also, moreover | |
| गच्छति | gacchati | प्राप्त करता है – पहुँचता है, प्राप्त होता है | attains – reaches, achieves |
Translation/Explanation
Hindi: अव्यक्त से परे जो पुरुष है, वह सर्वव्यापी और लिङ्ग (चिह्न) से रहित है; जिसे जानकर प्राणी मुक्त हो जाता है और अमरत्व को प्राप्त करता है।
English: Beyond the avyaktam is the puruṣa, all-pervading and devoid of liṅga (distinguishing mark); knowing whom, the mortal being is freed and attains amṛtatvam (immortality).
Commentary
Beyond the avyaktam is the puruṣa, who is all-pervading, being the cause of all ākāśa, etc., which are themselves all-pervading. Devoid of liṅga means that by which anything is reached (known) is liṅga, such as intellect, etc. That does not exist in him; so he is devoid of liṅga. The meaning in effect is devoid of all the attributes of saṃsāra. Knowing him, both from the preceptor and the śāstras, the mortal, even during life, is freed from the knots of the heart, such as ignorance, etc., and even when the body falls, attains amṛtatvam (immortality). This clause is connected with the previous one thus: He is the puruṣa beyond the avyaktam, etc.
Concept List
avyaktam
puruṣa
vyāpaka
aliṅga
amṛtatvam
saṃsāra
śāstra
ākāśa