Katha:2.3.7
Mantra 2.3.7
Original Text:
इन्द्रियेभ्यः परं मनो मनसः सत्त्वमुत्तमम् । सत्त्वादधि महानात्मा महतोऽव्यक्तमुत्तमम् ॥ ७ ॥
indriyebhyaḥ paraṃ mano manasaḥ sattvamuttamam | sattvādadhi mahānātmā mahato’vyaktamuttamam || 7 ||
| Sanskrit Term | Transliteration | Hindi Meaning | English Word or Meaning | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| इन्द्रियेभ्यः | indriyebhyaḥ | इन्द्रियों से – ज्ञानेन्द्रिय और कर्मेन्द्रिय, जो बाह्य विषयों का ग्रहण करते हैं | from the senses – the faculties of perception and action | |
| परम् | param | परे – जो उनसे भी ऊँचा या श्रेष्ठ है | higher – superior, transcending | |
| मनः | manaḥ | मन – विचार, संकल्प और विकल्प करने वाला | mind – the faculty of thought and will | |
| मनसः | manasaḥ | मन से – मन के ऊपर | than the mind – beyond the mind | |
| सत्त्वम् | sattvam | बुद्धि – विवेक करने वाली शक्ति | intellect – the discriminative faculty (buddhi) | |
| उत्तमम् | uttamam | श्रेष्ठ – सबसे ऊँचा | highest – supreme | |
| सत्त्वात् | sattvāt | बुद्धि से – बुद्धि के ऊपर | than the intellect – beyond the intellect | |
| अधि | adhi | ऊपर – उसके ऊपर | above – over, beyond | |
| महत् | mahat | महत् – महान तत्त्व, यहाँ आत्मा के लिए प्रयुक्त | mahat – the great principle, here referring to ātman | |
| आत्मा | ātmā | आत्मा – परम तत्त्व, चेतना का आधार | ātman – the supreme Self, substratum of consciousness | |
| महतः | mahataḥ | महत् से – महत् के ऊपर | than the mahat – beyond the great principle | |
| अव्यक्तम् | avyaktaṃ | अव्यक्त – अप्रकट, जो इन्द्रियों से परे है | avyakta – the unmanifest, beyond sense perception | |
| उत्तमम् | uttamam | श्रेष्ठ – सबसे ऊँचा | highest – supreme |
Translation/Explanation
Hindi: इन्द्रियों से ऊपर मन है; मन से भी श्रेष्ठ बुद्धि है; बुद्धि से ऊपर महत् (आत्मा) है; और महत् से भी श्रेष्ठ अव्यक्त है।
English: Beyond the indriya (senses) is the manaḥ (mind); higher than the manaḥ is the sattvam (intellect); above the sattvam is the mahat (ātman); higher than the mahat is the avyakta (unmanifest).
Commentary
As the indriya (senses) have been stated to be distinct from the ātman, the ātman cannot be externally perceived, because it is the internal principle of all. This is explained here: beyond the indriya is the manaḥ (mind), and so on. The artha (objects) here are of the same class as the indriya, and are included in the term indriya. The rest is as previously explained. The word sattvam here denotes 'intellect' (buddhi).