Sloka 198
Sloka 198
Sloka (श्लोक)
अनादित्वमविद्यायाः कार्यस्यापि तथेष्यते । उत्पन्नायां तु विद्यायामाविद्यकमनाद्यपि ॥ १९८ ॥
पदच्छेद / Padaccheda
अनादित्वम् अविद्यायाः
कार्यस्य अपि ततः इष्यते
उत्पन्नायां तु विद्यायाम्
अविद्यम् अनादि अपि
Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)
anāditvam avidyāyāḥ kāryasya api tathā iṣyate |
utpannāyāṁ tu vidyāyām āvidyam anādi api || 198 ||
Translation (अनुवाद)
The beginninglessness of ignorance and its effects is accepted; however, upon the arising of knowledge, even the beginningless ignorance is nullified.
Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)
| Sanskrit (संस्कृत) | English Meaning (अर्थ) | Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ) |
|---|---|---|
| अनादित्वम् (anāditvam) | beginninglessness | अनादित्व |
| अविद्यायाः (avidyāyāḥ) | of ignorance | अविद्या की |
| कार्यस्य (kāryasya) | of effects | प्रभाव के |
| अपि (api) | also | भी |
| ततः (tathā) | thus | इस प्रकार |
| इष्यते (iṣyate) | is accepted | माना जाता है |
| उत्पन्नायां (utpannāyāṁ) | arising | उत्पन्न होने पर |
| तु (tu) | however | परंतु |
| विद्यायाम् (vidyāyām) | in knowledge | ज्ञान में |
| अविद्यम् (āvidyam) | ignorance | अविद्या |
| अनादि (anādi) | beginningless | अनादि |
| अपि (api) | even | भी |
कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples
| कर्ता (Subject) | क्रिया (Verb) | विधान (Object) | अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation | हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| अविद्या (ignorance) | इष्यते | अनादित्वम् (beginninglessness) | Ignorance is accepted as beginningless | अविद्या को अनादि माना जाता है। |
| विद्या (knowledge) | उत्पन्नायां | अविद्यम् (ignorance) | Upon the arising of knowledge, ignorance is nullified | ज्ञान के उत्पन्न होने पर, अविद्या का नाश होता है। |
Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)
Categories (वर्गीकरण)
- Ignorance
- Knowledge
- Liberation
Commentary (टीका)
This verse touches upon the philosophical concept of *avidyā* (ignorance) and its nature. In Vedanta, ignorance is considered beginningless because it is not caused by anything else and has always existed alongside the individual soul. However, when *vidyā* (knowledge) arises, this so-called beginningless ignorance is dispelled or nullified. This transformation signifies enlightenment, where the illusions and delusions created by ignorance are overcome by the light of true knowledge, leading to liberation (*moksha*). The distinction between ignorance and knowledge is not temporal but rather conceptual, emphasizing the power of true understanding to dissolve the chains of ignorance.