Sloka 113
Sloka 113
Sloka (श्लोक)
एषावृतिर्नाम तमोगुणस्य शक्तिर्मया वस्त्ववभासतेऽन्यथा । सैषा निदानं पुरुषस्य संसृतेः विक्षेपशक्तेः प्रवणस्य हेतुः ॥ ११३ ॥
पदच्छेद / Padaccheda
एषा वृत्तिः नाम तमोगुणस्य
शक्तिः मया वस्तु अवभासते अन्यथा ।
सा एषा निदानं पुरुषस्य संसृतेः
विक्षेपशक्तेः प्रवणस्य हेतुः ॥ ११३ ॥
Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)
eṣā vṛttir nāma tamoguṇasya
śaktir mayā vastu avabhāsate anyathā ।
saiṣā nidānaṁ puruṣasya saṁsṛteḥ
vikṣepa-śakteḥ pravaṇasya hetuḥ ॥ 113 ॥
Translation (अनुवाद)
This tendency of the quality of darkness (tamas) makes things appear differently; it is the cause of distraction and bondage for man.
Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)
| Sanskrit (संस्कृत) | English Meaning (अर्थ) | Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ) |
|---|---|---|
| एषा (eṣā) | this | यह |
| वृत्तिः (vṛttiḥ) | tendency | वृत्ति |
| नाम (nāma) | called | कहलाती है |
| तमोगुणस्य (tamoguṇasya) | of the quality of darkness | तमोगुण की |
| शक्तिः (śaktiḥ) | power | शक्ति |
| मया (mayā) | by me | मेरे द्वारा |
| वस्तु (vastu) | object | वस्तु |
| अवभासते (avabhāsate) | appears | प्रकट होती है |
| अन्यथा (anyathā) | differently | भिन्न रूप से |
| सा (sā) | that | वह |
| एषा (eṣā) | this | यह |
| निदानं (nidānaṁ) | cause | कारण |
| पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) | of man | पुरुष का |
| संसृतेः (saṁsṛteḥ) | of the worldly existence | संसार की |
| विक्षेप-शक्तेः (vikṣepa-śakteḥ) | power of distraction | विक्षेप शक्ति |
| प्रवणस्य (pravaṇasya) | inclined | झुकाव वाली |
| हेतुः (hetuḥ) | reason | कारण |
कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples
| कर्ता (Subject) | क्रिया (Verb) | विधान (Object) | अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation | हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| एषा वृत्तिः | अवभासते | वस्तु अन्यथा | This tendency makes the object appear differently. | यह वृत्ति वस्तु को भिन्न रूप में प्रकट करती है। |
| एषा वृत्तिः | निदानं | पुरुषस्य संसृतेः | This is the cause of man's worldly existence. | यह पुरुष के संसार में होने का कारण है। |
| एषा वृत्तिः | हेतुः | विक्षेपशक्तेः प्रवणस्य | This is the reason for the inclination to distraction. | यह विक्षेप की प्रवृत्ति का कारण है। |
Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)
Categories (वर्गीकरण)
- Ignorance
- Distraction
- Bondage
Commentary (टीका)
This verse explains the concept of *tamoguṇa* or the quality of darkness, which is a key aspect of the three *guṇas* described in Vedantic philosophy. The *tamasic* tendency creates illusion and ignorance, causing the individual to perceive reality inaccurately. This misunderstanding leads to a cycle of *saṁsāra*, or worldly existence, trapping the soul in distraction and attachment. The emphasis is on understanding how this power clouds judgment, urging seekers to cultivate awareness to transcend these limitations. By recognizing the influence of *tamoguṇa*, individuals can begin to counteract its effects through practices that enhance clarity and wisdom.