Katha:1.1.7
Mantra 1.1.7
Original Text:
वैश्वानरः प्रविशत्यतिथिर्ब्राह्मणो गृहान् । तस्यैताँ शान्तिं हर वैवस्वतोदकम् ॥ ७ ॥
vaiśvānaraḥ praviśatyatithirbrāhmaṇo gṛhān । tasyaitām̐ śāntiṃ hara vaivasvatodakam ॥ 7 ॥
| Sanskrit Term | Transliteration | Hindi Meaning | English Word or Meaning | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| वैश्वानरः | vaiśvānaraḥ | अग्नि के समान – जो सबका नाश करने वाला अग्नि है | Fire (cosmic fire, all-consuming) | |
| प्रविशति | praviśati | प्रवेश करता है – भीतर जाता है | Enters | |
| अतिथि: | atithiḥ | अतिथि – बिना पूर्व सूचना के आने वाला आगंतुक | Guest (unexpected visitor) | |
| ब्राह्मणः | brāhmaṇaḥ | ब्राह्मण – वेदज्ञ, अतिथि के रूप में आया हुआ ब्राह्मण | Brāhmaṇa (Vedic scholar, guest) | |
| गृहान् | gṛhān | घरों में – गृहों के भीतर | Houses (homes) | |
| तस्य | tasya | उसके – उस अतिथि के लिए | For him (for that guest) | |
| एताम् | etām | यह – इस (शान्ति को) | This (peace, appeasement) | |
| शान्तिम् | śāntim | शांति – शमन, शीतलता, संतोष | Peace (appeasement, pacification) | |
| हर | hara | ले आओ – लाओ, प्रदान करो | Bring (fetch) | |
| वैवस्वत | vaivasvata | यमराज – सूर्यपुत्र यम का नाम | Vaivasvata (epithet of Yama, son of Vivasvat) | |
| उदकम् | udakam | जल – पानी, अतिथि को शीतलता देने के लिए | Water |
Translation/Explanation
Hindi: जैसे अग्नि सब कुछ भस्म कर देती है, वैसे ही ब्राह्मण अतिथि जब घर में प्रवेश करता है, तो वह अग्नि के समान होता है। गृहस्थजन उसकी तीव्रता को शांत करने के लिए उसे जल आदि देकर संतुष्ट करते हैं। हे वैवस्वत (यमराज)! अतिथि के लिए जल ले आओ, जिससे उसकी शांति हो सके।
English: Just as the vaiśvānara (cosmic fire) consumes everything, so too does a brāhmaṇa guest, upon entering a house, embody the intensity of fire. The householder seeks to appease this presence by offering water and hospitality, thereby bringing śānti (peace) to the guest. O Vaivasvata (Yama), fetch water to pacify the atithi (guest) and fulfill the duties of hospitality.
Commentary
Thus addressed, the father sent him to Death to keep his word and he having gone to the mansion of Death fasted for three nights, Death being away; when Death had gone and returned, his ministers or wife said to inform him, ‘a brāhmaṇa guest, verily like fire itself, enters houses burning them; and good men to allay his burning heat as that of fire, propitiate him by giving water to clean his feet, seat to sit upon, etc. Therefore, O Vaivasvata! fetch water to be given to Naciketā; also because evil consequences are declared in default.