Sutra 2 1 45: Difference between revisions

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=== English ===
=== English ===
This sūtra states that when predominant similarity exists only in a part (not as a whole), the means of comparison (upamāna) is not established. In other words, upamāna as a valid means of knowledge cannot be established merely by partial and overwhelmingly general similarity.
This sūtra states that when predominant similarity exists only in a part (not as a whole), the means of comparison (upamāna) is not established. In other words, upamāna as a valid means of knowledge cannot be established merely by partial and overwhelmingly general similarity.
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==== <big>Edited Concept List</big> ====
* साधर्म्य
* उपमान

Latest revision as of 14:20, 16 May 2025

Sutra 2_1_45

Original Text:

अत्यन्तप्रायैकदेशसाधर्म्यादुपमानासिद्धिः

Word-by-Word Breakdown

Sanskrit Term Transliteration Hindi Meaning English Meaning
अत्यन्तप्राय atyantaprāya अत्यधिक सामान्यता – अत्यधिक समानता या प्रबल अनुरूपता predominant similarity; overwhelming resemblance एकदेश ekadeśa आंशिक भाग – किसी वस्तु का कोई एक भाग a part; a particular portion साधर्म्य sādharmya समानता – गुण या धर्म में साम्यता similarity; likeness in attribute उपमान upamāna उपमान – तुलना का साधन, तुल्य वस्तु the means of comparison; the analogue असिद्धिः asiddhiḥ असिद्धि – सिद्ध न होना, प्रमाण का अभाव non-establishment; non-attainment; failure to establish

Concept List

  • अत्यन्तप्राय
  • एकदेश
  • साधर्म्य
  • उपमान
  • असिद्धि

Subject–Verb–Object Triples

  • उपमान – स्थापित नहीं होता – अत्यधिक सामान्यता के आंशिक समानता से

Triple Tables

Hindi

विषय (S) संबंध (V) वस्तु (O)
उपमान स्थापित नहीं होता अत्यधिक सामान्यता के आंशिक समानता से

English

Subject (S) Relation (V) Object (O)
upamāna (analogue) is not established by partial similarity that is predominantly general

Translation/Explanation

Hindi

इस सूत्र में कहा गया है कि जब अत्यधिक सामान्यता केवल किसी एक भाग में ही समानता दिखाती है, तब उपमान (तुलना का साधन) सिद्ध नहीं होता। अर्थात्, केवल आंशिक और अत्यधिक सामान्य समानता के आधार पर उपमान प्रमाण नहीं बन सकता।

English

This sūtra states that when predominant similarity exists only in a part (not as a whole), the means of comparison (upamāna) is not established. In other words, upamāna as a valid means of knowledge cannot be established merely by partial and overwhelmingly general similarity.


Edited Concept List

  • साधर्म्य
  • उपमान