Sutra 2 1 43: Difference between revisions

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=== English ===
=== English ===
This sūtra states that in the absence of the present existence of an object, there can be no apprehension of any object, because perception becomes impossible. In other words, for perceptual knowledge to occur, the object must exist in the present; if it does not, perception is not possible.
This sūtra states that in the absence of the present existence of an object, there can be no apprehension of any object, because perception becomes impossible. In other words, for perceptual knowledge to occur, the object must exist in the present; if it does not, perception is not possible.
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==== <big>Edited Concept List</big> ====
*प्रत्यक्ष ( perception)

Latest revision as of 14:02, 16 May 2025

Sutra 2_1_43

Original Text:

वर्तमानाभावे सर्वाग्रहणम् प्रत्यक्षानुपपत्तेः

Word-by-Word Breakdown

Sanskrit Term Transliteration Hindi Meaning English Meaning
वर्तमान-अभावे vartamāna-abhāve वर्तमान की अनुपस्थिति – जब कोई वस्तु अभी विद्यमान नहीं है in the absence of present existence
सर्व-अग्रहणम् sarva-agrahaṇam सबका न ग्रहण होना – किसी भी वस्तु का ग्रहण न होना non-apprehension of all (things)
प्रत्यक्ष-अनुपपत्तेः pratyakṣa-anupapatteḥ प्रत्यक्ष की असंभवता के कारण – प्रत्यक्ष ज्ञान की सिद्धि न होने के कारण because of the impossibility of perception

Concept List

  • वर्तमानाभाव (absence of present existence)
  • सर्वाग्रहण (non-apprehension of all)
  • प्रत्यक्षानुपपत्ति (impossibility of perception)

Subject–Verb–Object Triples

  • absence of present existence – leads to – non-apprehension of all
  • impossibility of perception – results from – absence of present existence

Triple Tables

Hindi

विषय (S) संबंध (V) वस्तु (O)
वर्तमानाभाव कारण बनता है सर्वाग्रहण
प्रत्यक्षानुपपत्ति उत्पन्न होती है वर्तमानाभाव

English

Subject (S) Relation (V) Object (O)
absence of present existence leads to non-apprehension of all
impossibility of perception results from absence of present existence

Translation/Explanation

Hindi

इस सूत्र में कहा गया है कि जब किसी वस्तु का वर्तमान में अस्तित्व नहीं होता, तब उसका प्रत्यक्ष ज्ञान संभव नहीं होता और सभी वस्तुओं का ग्रहण (प्रत्यक्ष) नहीं हो सकता। अर्थात् प्रत्यक्ष ज्ञान के लिए वस्तु का वर्तमान में विद्यमान होना आवश्यक है; यदि वह नहीं है, तो प्रत्यक्ष ज्ञान असंभव है।

English

This sūtra states that in the absence of the present existence of an object, there can be no apprehension of any object, because perception becomes impossible. In other words, for perceptual knowledge to occur, the object must exist in the present; if it does not, perception is not possible.


Edited Concept List

  • प्रत्यक्ष ( perception)