Sutra 1 1 2: Difference between revisions
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== Word-by-Word Breakdown == | == Word-by-Word Breakdown == | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
! | ! Sanskrit Term !! Transliteration !! Hindi Meaning !! English Meaning | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | दुःख || duḥkha || पीड़ा – शारीरिक या मानसिक कष्ट || suffering – physical or mental pain | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | जन्म || janma || उत्पत्ति – जीवन का आरंभ || birth – origination of life | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | प्रवृत्ति || pravṛtti || क्रियाशीलता – कर्मों की प्रवृत्ति || activity – engagement in actions | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | दोष || doṣa || त्रुटि – मन, वचन, कर्म की अशुद्धि || defect – mental or moral fault | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | मिथ्याज्ञान || mithyājñāna || भ्रान्ति – वास्तविकता का विपरीत ज्ञान || false knowledge – erroneous cognition | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | उत्तरोत्तरापाये || uttarottarāpāye || क्रमशः निवृत्तिः – एक के बाद एक लोप || successive cessation – sequential disappearance | ||
|- | |- | ||
| अपवर्गः || apavargaḥ || मोक्ष या | | तत्-अनन्तर-अपायात् || tad-anantara-apāyāt || तत्पश्चात् निवृत्तिः – उसके बाद लोप || subsequent cessation – cessation immediately after that | ||
|- | |||
| अपवर्गः || apavargaḥ || मोक्ष – परम शांति या बंधनमुक्ति || liberation – ultimate release or freedom | |||
|} | |} | ||
== Concept List == | == Concept List == | ||
* दुःख (suffering) | |||
दोष | * जन्म (birth) | ||
मिथ्याज्ञान | * प्रवृत्ति (activity) | ||
* दोष (defect) | |||
* मिथ्याज्ञान (false knowledge) | |||
* उत्तरोत्तरापाय (successive cessation) | |||
* अपवर्ग (liberation) | |||
== Subject–Verb–Object Triples == | == Subject–Verb–Object Triples == | ||
* False knowledge – ceases – defect | |||
* Defect – ceases – activity | |||
* Activity – ceases – birth | |||
* Birth – ceases – suffering | |||
* Successive cessation – leads to – liberation | |||
== Triple Tables == | == Triple Tables == | ||
| Line 50: | Line 53: | ||
! विषय (S) !! संबंध (V) !! वस्तु (O) | ! विषय (S) !! संबंध (V) !! वस्तु (O) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | मिथ्याज्ञान || निवृत्त होता है || दोष | ||
|- | |- | ||
| दोष || | | दोष || निवृत्त होता है || प्रवृत्ति | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | प्रवृत्ति || निवृत्त होती है || जन्म | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | जन्म || निवृत्त होता है || दुःख | ||
|- | |||
| उत्तरोत्तर निवृत्ति || पहुँचाती है || अपवर्ग | |||
|} | |} | ||
| Line 64: | Line 69: | ||
! Subject (S) !! Relation (V) !! Object (O) | ! Subject (S) !! Relation (V) !! Object (O) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | False knowledge || ceases || defect | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | Defect || ceases || activity | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | Activity || ceases || birth | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | Birth || ceases || suffering | ||
|- | |||
| Successive cessation || leads to || liberation | |||
|} | |} | ||
| Line 76: | Line 83: | ||
=== Hindi === | === Hindi === | ||
इस सूत्र में कहा गया है कि मिथ्या ज्ञान के निवृत्त होने पर दोषों का लोप होता है, दोषों के लोप से प्रवृत्तियों का अंत होता है, प्रवृत्तियों के अंत से जन्म का नाश होता है, और जन्म के नाश से दुःख का अंत होता है। इन सबकी क्रमशः निवृत्ति के पश्चात् जो अंतिम अवस्था प्राप्त होती है, वही अपवर्ग या मोक्ष है। | |||
=== English === | === English === | ||
This sūtra states that with the cessation of false knowledge, defects are eliminated; with the elimination of defects, activities cease; with the cessation of activities, birth ends; and with the end of birth, suffering ceases. The ultimate state achieved through the successive cessation of these factors is called apavarga, or liberation. | |||
This | |||
Latest revision as of 23:41, 17 April 2025
Sutra 1_1_2
Original Text:
दुःखजन्मप्रवृत्तिदोषमिथ्याज्ञानानामुत्तरोत्तरापाये तदनन्तरापायादपवर्गः
Word-by-Word Breakdown
| Sanskrit Term | Transliteration | Hindi Meaning | English Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| दुःख | duḥkha | पीड़ा – शारीरिक या मानसिक कष्ट | suffering – physical or mental pain |
| जन्म | janma | उत्पत्ति – जीवन का आरंभ | birth – origination of life |
| प्रवृत्ति | pravṛtti | क्रियाशीलता – कर्मों की प्रवृत्ति | activity – engagement in actions |
| दोष | doṣa | त्रुटि – मन, वचन, कर्म की अशुद्धि | defect – mental or moral fault |
| मिथ्याज्ञान | mithyājñāna | भ्रान्ति – वास्तविकता का विपरीत ज्ञान | false knowledge – erroneous cognition |
| उत्तरोत्तरापाये | uttarottarāpāye | क्रमशः निवृत्तिः – एक के बाद एक लोप | successive cessation – sequential disappearance |
| तत्-अनन्तर-अपायात् | tad-anantara-apāyāt | तत्पश्चात् निवृत्तिः – उसके बाद लोप | subsequent cessation – cessation immediately after that |
| अपवर्गः | apavargaḥ | मोक्ष – परम शांति या बंधनमुक्ति | liberation – ultimate release or freedom |
Concept List
- दुःख (suffering)
- जन्म (birth)
- प्रवृत्ति (activity)
- दोष (defect)
- मिथ्याज्ञान (false knowledge)
- उत्तरोत्तरापाय (successive cessation)
- अपवर्ग (liberation)
Subject–Verb–Object Triples
- False knowledge – ceases – defect
- Defect – ceases – activity
- Activity – ceases – birth
- Birth – ceases – suffering
- Successive cessation – leads to – liberation
Triple Tables
Hindi
| विषय (S) | संबंध (V) | वस्तु (O) |
|---|---|---|
| मिथ्याज्ञान | निवृत्त होता है | दोष |
| दोष | निवृत्त होता है | प्रवृत्ति |
| प्रवृत्ति | निवृत्त होती है | जन्म |
| जन्म | निवृत्त होता है | दुःख |
| उत्तरोत्तर निवृत्ति | पहुँचाती है | अपवर्ग |
English
| Subject (S) | Relation (V) | Object (O) |
|---|---|---|
| False knowledge | ceases | defect |
| Defect | ceases | activity |
| Activity | ceases | birth |
| Birth | ceases | suffering |
| Successive cessation | leads to | liberation |
Translation/Explanation
Hindi
इस सूत्र में कहा गया है कि मिथ्या ज्ञान के निवृत्त होने पर दोषों का लोप होता है, दोषों के लोप से प्रवृत्तियों का अंत होता है, प्रवृत्तियों के अंत से जन्म का नाश होता है, और जन्म के नाश से दुःख का अंत होता है। इन सबकी क्रमशः निवृत्ति के पश्चात् जो अंतिम अवस्था प्राप्त होती है, वही अपवर्ग या मोक्ष है।
English
This sūtra states that with the cessation of false knowledge, defects are eliminated; with the elimination of defects, activities cease; with the cessation of activities, birth ends; and with the end of birth, suffering ceases. The ultimate state achieved through the successive cessation of these factors is called apavarga, or liberation.