Sloka 394: Difference between revisions

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== Sloka 394 ==
== Sloka 394 ==
'''Original Text:'''
 
 
=== Sloka (श्लोक) ===
 
<pre>
<pre>
प्रकृतिविकृतिशून्यं भावनातीतभावं
वक्तव्यं किमु विद्यतेऽत्र बहुधा ब्रह्मैव जीवः स्वयं
समरसमसमानं मानसं बन्धदूरम् ।  
ब्रह्मैतज्जगदाततं नु सकलं ब्रह्माद्वितीयं श्रुतिः ।
निगमवचनसिद्धं नित्यमस्मत्प्रसिद्धं
ब्रह्मैवाहमिति प्रबुद्धमतयः संत्यक्तबाह्याः स्फुटं
हृदि कलयति विद्वान् ब्रह्म पूर्णं समाधौ ॥ ४0९ ॥  
ब्रह्मीभूय वसन्ति सन्ततचिदानन्दात्मनैतद्ध्रुवम् ॥ ३९४ ॥
</pre>
</pre>


Certainly! Here is the detailed analysis of the given sloka:
=== पदच्छेद / Padaccheda ===
वक्तव्यम् किमु विद्यते अत्र बहुधा ब्रह्म एव जीवः स्वयं<br />
ब्रह्म एतत् जगत् आततम् नु सकलं ब्रह्म अद्वितीयम् श्रुतिः ।<br />
ब्रह्म एव अहम् इति प्रबुद्धमतयः संत्यक्तबाह्याः स्फुटम्<br />
ब्रह्मीभूय वसन्ति सन्ततचिदानन्दात्मना एतत् ध्रुवम् ॥ ३९४ ॥
 
=== Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण) ===
vaktavyaṁ kimu vidyate'tra bahudhā brahmaiva jīvaḥ svayaṁ<br />
brahma etaj jagad-ātataṁ nu sakalaṁ brahmādvitīyaṁ śrutiḥ |<br />
brahmaivāham iti prabuddhamatayaḥ saṁtyaktabāhyāḥ sphuṭam<br />
brahmībhūya vasanti santata-cidānandātmanaitad dhruvam || 394 ||


- **Transliteration:**
=== Translation (अनुवाद) ===
  prakṛtivikṛtiśūnyaṁ bhāvanātītabhāvaṁ\
What need is there to speak of it? The jīva is many times revealed as Brahman itself. This entire world is pervaded by Brahman, which is non-dual, according to the scriptures. The enlightened minds, having renounced the external, clearly live as Brahman with the eternal nature of consciousness and bliss. This is certain.
  samarasamasamānaṁ mānasaṁ bandhadhūram |\
  nigamavacanasiddhaṁ nityamasmatprasiddhaṁ\
  hṛdi kalayati vidvān brahma pūrṇaṁ samādhau || 409 ||


- **Translation:**
=== Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ) ===
  Free from primal nature and its changes, transcending the concept of contemplation, uniformly balanced and equanimous, the mind far from bondage. Established by the words of the scriptures, eternal and well-known to us, the wise person realizes the complete Brahman in the heart through meditation.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Sanskrit (संस्कृत) !! English Meaning (अर्थ) !! Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
|-
| वक्तव्यम् (vaktavyam) || (need for) speaking || कहने की आवश्यकता
|-
| किमु (kimu) || what need || क्या आवश्यकता
|-
| विद्यते (vidyate) || is there || है
|-
| अत्र (atra) || here || यहाँ
|-
| बहुधा (bahudhā) || many times || अनेक बार
|-
| ब्रह्म (brahma) || Brahman || ब्रह्म
|-
| एव (eva) || indeed || ही
|-
| जीवः (jīvaḥ) || the individual soul || जीव
|-
| स्वयं (svayaṁ) || by itself || स्वयं
|-
| ब्रह्म (brahma) || Brahman || ब्रह्म
|-
| एतत् (etat) || this || यह
|-
| जगत् (jagat) || world || संसार
|-
| आततम् (ātataṁ) || spread || व्यापित
|-
| नु (nu) || indeed || निश्चय ही
|-
| सकलं (sakalaṁ) || all || सम्पूर्ण
|-
| अद्वितीयम् (advitīyam) || non-dual || अद्वितीय
|-
| श्रुतिः (śrutiḥ) || scripture || श्रुति
|-
| ब्रह्म (brahma) || Brahman || ब्रह्म
|-
| एव (eva) || indeed || ही
|-
| अहम् (aham) || I || मैं
|-
| इति (iti) || this || इस प्रकार
|-
| प्रबुद्धमतयः (prabuddhamatayaḥ) || enlightened minds || जागरूक मानसिकता
|-
| संत्यक्तबाह्याः (saṁtyaktabāhyāḥ) || renounced the external || बाह्य का त्याग कर
|-
| स्फुटम् (sphuṭam) || clearly || स्पष्ट रूप से
|-
| ब्रह्मीभूय (brahmībhūya) || having become Brahman || ब्रह्मीभूत होकर
|-
| वसन्ति (vasanti) || live || निवास करते हैं
|-
| सन्ततचिदानन्दात्मना (santata-cidānandātmanā) || with an eternal nature of consciousness and bliss || चिरंतन चिदानन्दस्वरूप में
|-
| एतत् (etat) || this || यह
|-
| ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) || certain || निश्चित
|}


- **Word Meanings:**
=== कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples ===
  * **prakṛti** - nature, primal matter or source
{| class="wikitable"
  * **vikṛti** - modification, change
|+ कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
  * **śūnyam** - free from, devoid
! कर्ता (Subject) !! क्रिया (Verb) !! विधान (Object) !! अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation !! हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
  * **bhāvanā** - contemplation, imagination
|-
  * **atīta** - transcending, beyond
| ब्रह्म || विद्यते || अत्र || Brahman is here. || यहाँ ब्रह्म है।
  * **bhāvam** - state, condition
|-
  * **samara** - evenly, uniformly
| जीवः || (is) || ब्रह्म || The soul is Brahman. || जीव ब्रह्म है।
  * **samasamānam** - equally balanced, equanimous
|-
  * **mānasaṁ** - mind
| प्रबुद्धमतयः || वसन्ति || ब्रह्मीभूय || The enlightened live as Brahman. || जागरूक मानसिकता वाले ब्रह्मीभूत होकर निवास करते हैं।
  * **bandha** - bondage
|}
  * **dhūram** - far away, distant
  * **nigama** - Vedas, scriptures
  * **vacana** - words, statements
  * **siddham** - established, proven
  * **nityam** - eternal
  * **asmat** - our
  * **prasiddham** - well-known, recognized
  * **hṛdi** - in the heart
  * **kalayati** - one realizes, perceives
  * **vidvān** - the wise person
  * **brahma** - the Absolute, Supreme Reality
  * **pūrṇaṁ** - complete, full
  * **samādhau** - in meditation, absorption


- **Commentary:**
=== Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ) ===
  This sloka elucidates the nature of Brahman and the realization through meditative absorption (samādhi) by a wise practitioner. The adept is encouraged to perceive Brahman, the ultimate reality, as beyond the dualistic phenomena of nature (prakṛti) and its endless modifications (vikṛti). The wise individual transcends conventional thought processes (bhāvanātīta) to experience a state of samarasam, where dualities dissolve into a seamless oneness. It highlights the mind's liberation from attachment and bondage (bandhadhūram) through deep concentration and scripture-backed knowledge.
* [[brahma|brahma (ब्रह्म)]]
* [[jīva|jīva (जीव)]]
* [[śruti|śruti (श्रुति)]]
* [[advaita|advaita (अद्वैत)]]
* [[cidānanda|cidānanda (चिदानन्द)]]


  The verses foreground the emphasis placed in Vedantic traditions on experiential knowledge of Brahman, stressing its eternal essence and its intrinsic completeness (pūrṇaṁ). The invocation of scriptural authority affirms the truth (nigamavacanasiddhaṁ), giving the seeker confidence in their experiential pursuit. This sloka serves as a reminder that true knowledge is not an intellectual exercise but an inner realization (hṛdi kalayati), achieved when one is fully absorbed in the meditative state, allowing the experiential wisdom of nitya Brahman to manifest within. Through meditative practice devoid of dualistic thought, the wise person attains knowledge of Brahman, affirming eternal and universal truths known deeply within.
=== Categories (वर्गीकरण) ===
* Non-duality (Advaita)
* Enlightenment
* Vedanta Philosophy
 
=== Commentary (टीका) ===
This verse elucidates the core Vedantic teaching of *advaita*, the non-dual nature of existence. It questions the need for further elucidation, as the essence of the individual soul (*jīva*) is identified repeatedly as *brahman*, the ultimate reality. The scriptures assert this world as a manifestation of non-dual Brahman. Those truly enlightened, having distanced themselves from illusory externalities, live unmistakably as Brahman itself, embodying the eternal nature of consciousness and bliss. This transcendent reality signifies the vision of unity and oneness that *śruti* (scriptures) declare as ultimate truth.


'''
'''
Further Readings:'''
* [[Vedanta]]
* [[Vivekachudamani]]

Latest revision as of 13:28, 1 February 2025

Sloka 394

Sloka (श्लोक)

वक्तव्यं किमु विद्यतेऽत्र बहुधा ब्रह्मैव जीवः स्वयं
ब्रह्मैतज्जगदाततं नु सकलं ब्रह्माद्वितीयं श्रुतिः ।
ब्रह्मैवाहमिति प्रबुद्धमतयः संत्यक्तबाह्याः स्फुटं
ब्रह्मीभूय वसन्ति सन्ततचिदानन्दात्मनैतद्ध्रुवम् ॥ ३९४ ॥

पदच्छेद / Padaccheda

वक्तव्यम् किमु विद्यते अत्र बहुधा ब्रह्म एव जीवः स्वयं
ब्रह्म एतत् जगत् आततम् नु सकलं ब्रह्म अद्वितीयम् श्रुतिः ।
ब्रह्म एव अहम् इति प्रबुद्धमतयः संत्यक्तबाह्याः स्फुटम्
ब्रह्मीभूय वसन्ति सन्ततचिदानन्दात्मना एतत् ध्रुवम् ॥ ३९४ ॥

Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)

vaktavyaṁ kimu vidyate'tra bahudhā brahmaiva jīvaḥ svayaṁ
brahma etaj jagad-ātataṁ nu sakalaṁ brahmādvitīyaṁ śrutiḥ |
brahmaivāham iti prabuddhamatayaḥ saṁtyaktabāhyāḥ sphuṭam
brahmībhūya vasanti santata-cidānandātmanaitad dhruvam || 394 ||

Translation (अनुवाद)

What need is there to speak of it? The jīva is many times revealed as Brahman itself. This entire world is pervaded by Brahman, which is non-dual, according to the scriptures. The enlightened minds, having renounced the external, clearly live as Brahman with the eternal nature of consciousness and bliss. This is certain.

Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)

Sanskrit (संस्कृत) English Meaning (अर्थ) Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
वक्तव्यम् (vaktavyam) (need for) speaking कहने की आवश्यकता
किमु (kimu) what need क्या आवश्यकता
विद्यते (vidyate) is there है
अत्र (atra) here यहाँ
बहुधा (bahudhā) many times अनेक बार
ब्रह्म (brahma) Brahman ब्रह्म
एव (eva) indeed ही
जीवः (jīvaḥ) the individual soul जीव
स्वयं (svayaṁ) by itself स्वयं
ब्रह्म (brahma) Brahman ब्रह्म
एतत् (etat) this यह
जगत् (jagat) world संसार
आततम् (ātataṁ) spread व्यापित
नु (nu) indeed निश्चय ही
सकलं (sakalaṁ) all सम्पूर्ण
अद्वितीयम् (advitīyam) non-dual अद्वितीय
श्रुतिः (śrutiḥ) scripture श्रुति
ब्रह्म (brahma) Brahman ब्रह्म
एव (eva) indeed ही
अहम् (aham) I मैं
इति (iti) this इस प्रकार
प्रबुद्धमतयः (prabuddhamatayaḥ) enlightened minds जागरूक मानसिकता
संत्यक्तबाह्याः (saṁtyaktabāhyāḥ) renounced the external बाह्य का त्याग कर
स्फुटम् (sphuṭam) clearly स्पष्ट रूप से
ब्रह्मीभूय (brahmībhūya) having become Brahman ब्रह्मीभूत होकर
वसन्ति (vasanti) live निवास करते हैं
सन्ततचिदानन्दात्मना (santata-cidānandātmanā) with an eternal nature of consciousness and bliss चिरंतन चिदानन्दस्वरूप में
एतत् (etat) this यह
ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) certain निश्चित

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
कर्ता (Subject) क्रिया (Verb) विधान (Object) अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
ब्रह्म विद्यते अत्र Brahman is here. यहाँ ब्रह्म है।
जीवः (is) ब्रह्म The soul is Brahman. जीव ब्रह्म है।
प्रबुद्धमतयः वसन्ति ब्रह्मीभूय The enlightened live as Brahman. जागरूक मानसिकता वाले ब्रह्मीभूत होकर निवास करते हैं।

Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)

Categories (वर्गीकरण)

  • Non-duality (Advaita)
  • Enlightenment
  • Vedanta Philosophy

Commentary (टीका)

This verse elucidates the core Vedantic teaching of *advaita*, the non-dual nature of existence. It questions the need for further elucidation, as the essence of the individual soul (*jīva*) is identified repeatedly as *brahman*, the ultimate reality. The scriptures assert this world as a manifestation of non-dual Brahman. Those truly enlightened, having distanced themselves from illusory externalities, live unmistakably as Brahman itself, embodying the eternal nature of consciousness and bliss. This transcendent reality signifies the vision of unity and oneness that *śruti* (scriptures) declare as ultimate truth.

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