Sloka 120

Sloka 120

Sloka (श्लोक)

अव्यक्तमेतत्त्रिगुणैर्निरुक्तं  
तत्कारणं नाम शरीरमात्मनः ।  
सुषुप्तिरेतस्य विभक्त्यवस्था  
प्रलीनसर्वेन्द्रियबुद्धिवृत्तिः ॥ १२० ॥

पदच्छेद / Padaccheda

अव्यक्तम् एतत् त्रिगुणैः निरुक्तम् तत् कारणम् नाम शरीरम् आत्मनः सुषुप्तिः एतस्य विभक्तिः अवस्था प्रलीन सर्वेन्द्रिय-बुद्धिवृत्तिः

Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)

avyaktam etat triguṇair niruktam

tat kāraṇam nāma śarīram ātmanaḥ |

suṣuptiḥ etasya vibhakty avasthā

pralīna-sarvendriya-buddhivṛttiḥ || 120 ||

Translation (अनुवाद)

This unmanifest is expressed through the three guṇas and is called the causal body of the self; deep sleep is its distinct state with all sensory and mental activities absorbed.

Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)

Sanskrit (संस्कृत)	English Meaning (अर्थ)	Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
अव्यक्तम् (avyaktam)	unmanifest	अव्यक्त
एतत् (etat)	this	यह
त्रिगुणैः (triguṇaiḥ)	by the three guṇas (qualities)	तीन गुणों द्वारा
निरुक्तम् (niruktam)	expressed	व्यक्त
तत् (tat)	that	वह
कारणम् (kāraṇam)	causal	कारण
नाम (nāma)	called	नाम
शरीरम् (śarīram)	body	शरीर
आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ)	of the self	आत्मा का
सुषुप्तिः (suṣuptiḥ)	deep sleep	गहरी नींद
एतस्य (etasya)	of this	इसका
विभक्तिः (vibhaktiḥ)	distinct	विशेष
अवस्था (avasthā)	state	अवस्था
प्रलीन (pralīna)	absorbed	विलीन
सर्वेन्द्रिय-बुद्धिवृत्तिः (sarvendriya-buddhivṛttiḥ)	all sensory and mental activities	सभी इंद्रिय एवं बुद्धि की वृत्तियाँ

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples

कर्ता (Subject)	क्रिया (Verb)	विधान (Object)	अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation	हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
एतत् (this)	निरुक्तम् (expressed)	त्रिगुणैः (by the three guṇas)	This is expressed through the three guṇas.	यह तीन गुणों द्वारा व्यक्त है।
तत् (that)	नाम (called)	कारणम् शरीरम् (causal body)	That is called the causal body.	उसे कारण शरीर कहा जाता है।
सुषुप्तिः (deep sleep)	विभक्तिः (is the distinct)	अवस्था (state)	Deep sleep is the distinct state.	गहरी नींद विशेष अवस्था है।
प्रलीन-वृत्तिः (absorbed activities)	(implied verb)	सर्वेन्द्रिय-बुद्धि (all sensory and mental)	With all sensory and mental activities absorbed.	सभी इंद्रिय एवं बुद्धि की वृत्तियाँ विलीन हैं।

Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)

• triguṇa (त्रिगुण)
• avyakta (अव्यक्त)
• kāraṇa-śarīra (कारण शरीर)
• suṣupti (सुषुप्ति)

Categories (वर्गीकरण)

• Causal Body
• Deep Sleep
• Guṇas

Commentary (टीका)

This verse elaborates on the concept of the *kāraṇa-śarīra* or causal body, which underlies the unmanifest aspect of the self (*ātman*). It is expressed through the three *guṇas* — *sattva, rajas, and tamas*, which are fundamental qualities that constitute nature. The state associated with this causal body is *suṣupti* or deep sleep, where all sensory inputs and mental activities are absorbed, signifying a state of rest and potential. This highlights the layered nature of consciousness, with the causal body being a subtle layer preceding the manifested states of waking and dreaming.