Sloka 84: Difference between revisions

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== Sloka 84 ==
== Sloka 84 ==
'''Original Text:'''
 
 
=== Sloka (श्लोक) ===
 
<pre>
<pre>
शरीरपोषणार्थी सन् य आत्मानं दिदृक्षति ।  
शरीरपोषणार्थी सन् य आत्मानं दिदृक्षति ।
ग्राहं दारुधिया धृत्वा नदि तर्तुं स गच्छति ॥ ८४ ॥  
ग्राहं दारुधिया धृत्वा नदि तर्तुं स गच्छति ॥ ८४ ॥
</pre>
</pre>


Certainly! Let's delve into the sloka provided:


**Transliteration:**
=== पदच्छेद / Padaccheda ===
śarīra-poṣaṇārthī san ya ātmānaṃ didṛkṣati |
शरीर-पोषण-अर्थी सन् <br />
grāhaṃ dāru-dhiyā dhṛtvā nadī tartuṃ sa gacchati || 84 ||
यः आत्मानं दिदृक्षति <br />
ग्राहं दारु-धिया धृत्वा <br />
नदि तर्तुं सः गच्छति


**Translation:**
=== Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण) ===
He who seeks to know the Self while being solely focused on nourishing the body is like one who grasps a crocodile thinking it to be a log, and attempts to cross the river.
śarīra-poṣaṇārthī san <br />
yaḥ ātmānaṁ didṛkṣati <br />
grāhaṁ dāru-dhiyā dhṛtvā <br />
nadi tartuṁ sa gacchati


**Word Meanings:**
=== Translation (अनुवाद) ===
- *śarīra* - body
He who seeks to nourish the body, while desiring to see the Self, attempts to cross a river by grasping a wooden crocodile.
- *poṣaṇa* - nourishment
- *arthī* - desirous, seeking for
- *san* - being
- *yaḥ* - who
- *ātmānam* - the Self
- *didṛkṣati* - desires to see, seeks to know
- *grāham* - crocodile
- *dāru* - wood, log
- *dhiyā* - with the thought of
- *dhṛtvā* - holding, grasping
- *nadī* - river
- *tartum* - to cross
- *saḥ* - he
- *gacchati* - goes


**Commentary:**
=== Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ) ===
This sloka presents an insightful metaphor illustrating the common error in prioritizing body-centric pursuits over self-realization. It emphasizes the futility and danger of mistaking material existence (the body) for spiritual essence (the Self).
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Sanskrit (संस्कृत) !! English Meaning (अर्थ) !! Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
|-
| सन् (san) || being || होते हुए
|-
| शरीर-पोषण-अर्थी (śarīra-poṣaṇārthī) || seeking to nourish the body || शरीर का पोषण चाहने वाला
|-
| यः (yaḥ) || he who || जो
|-
| आत्मानं (ātmānaṁ) || the Self || आत्मा
|-
| दिदृक्षति (didṛkṣati) || desires to see || देखना चाहता है
|-
| ग्राहं (grāhaṁ) || crocodile || मगरमच्छ
|-
| दारु-धिया (dāru-dhiyā) || with the intelligence of (as wooden) || लकड़ी की बुद्धि से
|-
| धृत्वा (dhṛtvā) || holding || पकड़े हुए
|-
| नदि (nadi) || in the river || नदी में
|-
| तर्तुं (tartuṁ) || to cross || पार करने के लिए
|-
| सः (saḥ) || he || वह
|-
| गच्छति (gacchati) || goes || जाता है
|}


The comparison to one holding onto a "crocodile thinking it to be a log" suggests a mistaken perception driven by ignorance. In spiritual practice, just as the wrong assumption might lead to one's detriment, focusing solely on the physical and material aspects with the intention of realizing deeper truths is fundamentally flawed. The true essence, or the Self, cannot be comprehended with such a misdirected approach.
=== कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+ कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
! कर्ता (Subject) !! क्रिया (Verb) !! विधान (Object) !! अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation !! हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
|-
| यः शरीर-पोषण-अर्थी सन् || गच्छति || नदि तर्तुं || He who is a body-nourisher goes to cross the river. || जो शरीर का पोषण करने वाला होते हुए नदी पार करने जाता है।
|-
| यः आत्मानं || दिदृक्षति || (implied) || He who desires to see the Self. || जो आत्मा को देखना चाहता है।
|-
| सः || धृत्वा || ग्राहं दारु-धिया || He holds a wooden crocodile. || वह लकड़ी के मगरमच्छ को पकड़े हुए है।
|}


The irony captures the idea that such a person, intent on crossing the 'river'—representing life's challenges or the journey to enlightenment—will ultimately find themselves in peril if they cannot distinguish between true sustenance (spiritual insight) and perilous distractions (mere bodily nourishment).
=== Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ) ===
* [[Puruṣārtha|puruṣārtha (पुरुषार्थ)]]
* [[Mokṣa|mokṣa (मोक्ष)]]
* [[Avidyā|avidyā (अविद्या)]]
* [[Self-realization|self-realization (आत्म-साक्षात्कार)]]


This sloka urges aspirants to discern wisely, emphasizing that real spiritual progress demands transcending bodily desires and illusions. Only through correct discernment and sincere pursuit can the aspirant cross the 'river' of samsara and attain the vision of the true Self.
=== Categories (वर्गीकरण) ===
* Illusion
* Self-realization
* Discernment
 
=== Commentary (टीका) ===
This verse metaphorically highlights the futility of superficial pursuits when the goal is profound, such as self-realization. The act of trying to nourish the body while desiring to see the Self is equated to attempting an impossible task — crossing a river by holding onto a wooden crocodile. The imagery of a wooden crocodile symbolizes *avidyā* (ignorance) and misplaced discretion. The *śloka* encourages discernment in one's spiritual journey, emphasizing that misleading appearances and distractions can deviate one's path to ultimate truth or *mokṣa*.


'''
'''
Further Readings:'''
* [[Vedanta]]
* [[Vivekachudamani]]

Latest revision as of 16:04, 7 January 2025

Sloka 84

Sloka (श्लोक)

शरीरपोषणार्थी सन् य आत्मानं दिदृक्षति ।
ग्राहं दारुधिया धृत्वा नदि तर्तुं स गच्छति ॥ ८४ ॥


पदच्छेद / Padaccheda

शरीर-पोषण-अर्थी सन्
यः आत्मानं दिदृक्षति
ग्राहं दारु-धिया धृत्वा
नदि तर्तुं सः गच्छति

Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)

śarīra-poṣaṇārthī san
yaḥ ātmānaṁ didṛkṣati
grāhaṁ dāru-dhiyā dhṛtvā
nadi tartuṁ sa gacchati

Translation (अनुवाद)

He who seeks to nourish the body, while desiring to see the Self, attempts to cross a river by grasping a wooden crocodile.

Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)

Sanskrit (संस्कृत) English Meaning (अर्थ) Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
सन् (san) being होते हुए
शरीर-पोषण-अर्थी (śarīra-poṣaṇārthī) seeking to nourish the body शरीर का पोषण चाहने वाला
यः (yaḥ) he who जो
आत्मानं (ātmānaṁ) the Self आत्मा
दिदृक्षति (didṛkṣati) desires to see देखना चाहता है
ग्राहं (grāhaṁ) crocodile मगरमच्छ
दारु-धिया (dāru-dhiyā) with the intelligence of (as wooden) लकड़ी की बुद्धि से
धृत्वा (dhṛtvā) holding पकड़े हुए
नदि (nadi) in the river नदी में
तर्तुं (tartuṁ) to cross पार करने के लिए
सः (saḥ) he वह
गच्छति (gacchati) goes जाता है

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
कर्ता (Subject) क्रिया (Verb) विधान (Object) अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
यः शरीर-पोषण-अर्थी सन् गच्छति नदि तर्तुं He who is a body-nourisher goes to cross the river. जो शरीर का पोषण करने वाला होते हुए नदी पार करने जाता है।
यः आत्मानं दिदृक्षति (implied) He who desires to see the Self. जो आत्मा को देखना चाहता है।
सः धृत्वा ग्राहं दारु-धिया He holds a wooden crocodile. वह लकड़ी के मगरमच्छ को पकड़े हुए है।

Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)

Categories (वर्गीकरण)

  • Illusion
  • Self-realization
  • Discernment

Commentary (टीका)

This verse metaphorically highlights the futility of superficial pursuits when the goal is profound, such as self-realization. The act of trying to nourish the body while desiring to see the Self is equated to attempting an impossible task — crossing a river by holding onto a wooden crocodile. The imagery of a wooden crocodile symbolizes *avidyā* (ignorance) and misplaced discretion. The *śloka* encourages discernment in one's spiritual journey, emphasizing that misleading appearances and distractions can deviate one's path to ultimate truth or *mokṣa*.

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