Katha:1.1.3

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Added/updated by bot page katha:1.1.3
 
Added/updated by bot page katha:1.1.3
 
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anandā nāma te lokāstānsa gacchati tā dadat || 3 ||
anandā nāma te lokāstānsa gacchati tā dadat || 3 ||
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==Word-by-Word Breakdown==


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
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! Comments
! Comments
|-
|-
| पीतोदका
| पीतः + उदकाः
| pītodakāḥ
| pīta-udakāḥ
| जिनका जल पी लिया गया है – जिनका सारा जल पी लिया गया है
| जिनका सारा जल पी लिया गया है
| those whose water has been drunk (drained)
| those from whom all water has been drunk
|  
|  
|-
|-
| जग्धतृणा
| जग्ध + तृणाः
| jagdhatr̥ṇāḥ
| jagdha-tṛṇāḥ
| जिनकी घास खा ली गई है – जिनकी सारी घास खा ली गई है
| जिनका सारा घास खा लिया गया है
| those whose grass has been eaten
| those whose grass has all been eaten
|  
|  
|-
|-
| दुग्धदोहा
| दुग्ध + दोहाः
| dugdhadohāḥ
| dugdha-dohāḥ
| जिनका दूध दुह लिया गया है – जिनका सारा दूध दुहा जा चुका है
| जिनका सारा दूध दुहा जा चुका है
| those whose milk has been milked
| those from whom all milk has been milked
|  
|  
|-
|-
| निरिन्द्रियाः
| निर् + इन्द्रियाः
| nirindriyāḥ
| nir-indriyāḥ
| जिनमें शक्ति नहीं है – जिनमें कोई शक्ति या जीवनशक्ति शेष नहीं है
| जिनमें कोई शक्ति या बल शेष नहीं है
| those devoid of vigour (incapable, powerless)
| those devoid of strength or faculties
|  
|  
|-
|-
| अनन्दा
| अनन्दा
| anandāḥ
| anandā
| जिनमें आनन्द नहीं है – जिनमें कोई सुख या प्रसन्नता नहीं है
| जिनमें कोई सुख या आनंद नहीं है
| joyless (devoid of happiness)
| those without joy or bliss
|
|-
| नाम
| nāma
| नाम से – नाम के रूप में, कहलाने वाले
| by name (so-called)
|
|-
| ते
| te
| वे – वे (लोक)
| those (worlds)
|  
|  
|-
|-
| लोकाः
| लोकाः
| lokāḥ
| lokāḥ
| लोक – संसार, प्राप्त होने वाले क्षेत्र
| संसार या लोक, जिनमें प्राणी वास करते हैं
| worlds (realms attained)
| worlds or realms of existence
|  
|  
|-
|-
| तान्
| तान्
| tān
| tān
| उन (लोकों) को – उन (लोकों) को
| उन (लोकों) को
| those (worlds)
| those (worlds)
|  
|  
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| सः
| सः
| saḥ
| saḥ
| वह – वह (व्यक्ति)
| वह (व्यक्ति)
| he (the person)
| that (person)
|  
|  
|-
|-
| गच्छति
| गच्छति
| gacchati
| gacchati
| प्राप्त होता है – पहुँचता है
| प्राप्त करता है, पहुँचता है
| attains (goes to)
| attains, reaches
|  
|  
|-
|-
| ता
| ता
| tā
| tā
| वे (गायें) – वे (गायें)
| वे (गायें)
| those (cows)
| those (cows)
|  
|  
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| ददत्
| ददत्
| dadat
| dadat
| देने वाला – जो देता है
| दान करने वाला, देने वाला
| gives (the one who gives)
| giver, one who gives
|  
|  
|}
|}


==Concept List==
== Translation/Explanation ==
 
[[katha:pītodakāḥ]]
[[katha:jagdhatr̥ṇāḥ]]
[[katha:dugdhadohāḥ]]
[[katha:nirindriyāḥ]]
[[katha:anandāḥ]]
[[katha:lokāḥ]]
[[katha:phala (result)]]
[[katha:yāga (sacrifice)]]
[[katha:dāna (gift)]]
[[katha:ritvik (priest)]]
 
==Translation/Explanation==


===Hindi===
'''Hindi:''' 
जिन गायों का सारा जल पी लिया गया है, जिनकी सारी घास खा ली गई है, जिनका सारा दूध दुहा जा चुका है और जिनमें कोई शक्ति शेष नहीं है—ऐसी गायें, जिनमें कोई सुख या आनन्द नहीं बचा है, उन्हें देने वाला व्यक्ति उन्हीं निरानन्द लोकों को प्राप्त होता है। अर्थात्, जो यज्ञ में ऐसी निष्प्राण, निर्बल और अनुपयोगी गायें दान करता है, उसे भी ऐसे ही दुःखमय और निरानन्द लोक मिलते हैं।
यहाँ यमराज नचिकेता को समझाते हैं कि जो व्यक्ति ऐसी गायें दान करता है, जिन्होंने सारा जल पी लिया है, सारा घास खा लिया है, जिनका सारा दूध दुहा जा चुका है, और जिनमें कोई शक्ति शेष नहीं है, वह उन लोकों को प्राप्त करता है जो आनंद से रहित हैं। अर्थात्, जो दान अनुपयुक्त है, उसका फल भी तुच्छ और दुःखदायी होता है।


===English===
'''English:''' 
Those cows whose water has been completely drunk, whose grass has been entirely eaten, whose milk has been fully milked, and who are devoid of any vigour—such cows, which are joyless and bereft of happiness, when given as a gift, lead the giver to those worlds which are similarly joyless. That is, one who offers such lifeless, powerless, and useless cows in sacrifice attains realms that are devoid of ānanda (happiness).
Here, Yama explains to Nachiketa that the person who gives cows as gifts which have drunk all their water (pīta-udakāḥ), eaten all their grass (jagdha-tṛṇāḥ), have been milked of all their milk (dugdha-dohāḥ), and are devoid of strength (nir-indriyāḥ), attains those worlds (lokāḥ) which are without joy (anandā). That is, giving inappropriate gifts results in attaining realms that are joyless and lacking in bliss.


==Commentary==
== Commentary ==
How he thought is explained; the epithet pīta-udakāḥ and those which follow describe the cows to be given as rewards. Pīta-udakāḥ, by which all water has been drunk; jagdha-tṛṇāḥ, by which all grass has been eaten. Dugdha-dohāḥ, from which all milk has been milked. Nir-indriyāḥ, not capable of breeding. The meaning is—cows old and useless; giving such cows to the ṛtvij for their rewards, the person performing the sacrifice attains those worlds which are joyless, i.e., devoid of happiness.


How he thought is explained; the epithet pītodakāḥ and those which follow describe the cows to be given as rewards. pītodakāḥ, by which all water has been drunk; jagdhatr̥ṇāḥ, by which all grass has been eaten. dugdhadohāḥ, from which all milk has been milked. nirindriyāḥ, not capable of breeding. The meaning is—cows old and useless; giving such cows to the ritvik-s for their rewards, the person performing the yāga attains those lokāḥ which are anandāḥ, i.e., devoid of ānanda (happiness).
== Concept List ==
[[katha:pīta-udakāḥ|pīta-udakāḥ]]<br />
[[katha:jagdha-tṛṇāḥ|jagdha-tṛṇāḥ]]<br />
[[katha:dugdha-dohāḥ|dugdha-dohāḥ]]<br />
[[katha:nir-indriyāḥ|nir-indriyāḥ]]<br />
[[katha:anandā lokāḥ|anandā lokāḥ]]<br />
[[katha:dāna|dāna]]<br />
[[katha:ṛtvij|ṛtvij]]<br />
[[katha:sacrifice|sacrifice]]<br />

Latest revision as of 10:09, 18 May 2025

Mantra 1.1.3

Original Text: 

पीतोदका जग्धतृणा दुग्धदोहा निरिन्द्रियाः ।
	अनन्दा नाम ते लोकास्तान्स गच्छति ता ददत् ॥ ३ ॥

pītodakā jagdhatṛṇā dugdhadohā nirindriyāḥ |
	anandā nāma te lokāstānsa gacchati tā dadat || 3 ||
Sanskrit Term Transliteration Hindi Meaning English Word or Meaning Comments
पीतः + उदकाः pīta-udakāḥ जिनका सारा जल पी लिया गया है those from whom all water has been drunk
जग्ध + तृणाः jagdha-tṛṇāḥ जिनका सारा घास खा लिया गया है those whose grass has all been eaten
दुग्ध + दोहाः dugdha-dohāḥ जिनका सारा दूध दुहा जा चुका है those from whom all milk has been milked
निर् + इन्द्रियाः nir-indriyāḥ जिनमें कोई शक्ति या बल शेष नहीं है those devoid of strength or faculties
अनन्दा anandā जिनमें कोई सुख या आनंद नहीं है those without joy or bliss
लोकाः lokāḥ संसार या लोक, जिनमें प्राणी वास करते हैं worlds or realms of existence
तान् tān उन (लोकों) को those (worlds)
सः saḥ वह (व्यक्ति) that (person)
गच्छति gacchati प्राप्त करता है, पहुँचता है attains, reaches
ता tā वे (गायें) those (cows)
ददत् dadat दान करने वाला, देने वाला giver, one who gives

Translation/Explanation

Hindi: यहाँ यमराज नचिकेता को समझाते हैं कि जो व्यक्ति ऐसी गायें दान करता है, जिन्होंने सारा जल पी लिया है, सारा घास खा लिया है, जिनका सारा दूध दुहा जा चुका है, और जिनमें कोई शक्ति शेष नहीं है, वह उन लोकों को प्राप्त करता है जो आनंद से रहित हैं। अर्थात्, जो दान अनुपयुक्त है, उसका फल भी तुच्छ और दुःखदायी होता है।

English: Here, Yama explains to Nachiketa that the person who gives cows as gifts which have drunk all their water (pīta-udakāḥ), eaten all their grass (jagdha-tṛṇāḥ), have been milked of all their milk (dugdha-dohāḥ), and are devoid of strength (nir-indriyāḥ), attains those worlds (lokāḥ) which are without joy (anandā). That is, giving inappropriate gifts results in attaining realms that are joyless and lacking in bliss.

Commentary

How he thought is explained; the epithet pīta-udakāḥ and those which follow describe the cows to be given as rewards. Pīta-udakāḥ, by which all water has been drunk; jagdha-tṛṇāḥ, by which all grass has been eaten. Dugdha-dohāḥ, from which all milk has been milked. Nir-indriyāḥ, not capable of breeding. The meaning is—cows old and useless; giving such cows to the ṛtvij for their rewards, the person performing the sacrifice attains those worlds which are joyless, i.e., devoid of happiness.

Concept List

pīta-udakāḥ
jagdha-tṛṇāḥ
dugdha-dohāḥ
nir-indriyāḥ
anandā lokāḥ
dāna
ṛtvij
sacrifice

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