Sloka 113: Difference between revisions

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== Sloka 113 ==
== Sloka 113 ==
'''Original Text:'''
 
 
 
=== Sloka (श्लोक) ===
 
<pre>
<pre>
अभावना वा विपरीतभावना
एषावृतिर्नाम तमोगुणस्य
असंभावना विप्रतिपत्तिरस्याः ।  
शक्तिर्मया वस्त्ववभासतेऽन्यथा ।
संसर्गयुक्तं न विमुञ्चति ध्रुवं
सैषा निदानं पुरुषस्य संसृतेः
विक्षेपशक्तिः क्षपयत्यजस्रम् ॥ ११५ ॥  
विक्षेपशक्तेः प्रवणस्य हेतुः ॥ ११३ ॥
</pre>
</pre>


Certainly! Let's explore the given sloka:
=== पदच्छेद / Padaccheda ===
एषा वृत्तिः नाम तमोगुणस्य<br />
शक्तिः मया वस्तु अवभासते अन्यथा ।<br />
सा एषा निदानं पुरुषस्य संसृतेः<br />
विक्षेपशक्तेः प्रवणस्य हेतुः ॥ ११३ ॥


- **Transliteration:**
=== Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण) ===
  abhāvanā vā viparītabhāvanā asaṃbhāvanā vipratipattirasyāḥ। saṃsargayuktaṃ na vimuñcati dhruvaṃ vikṣepaśaktiḥ kṣapayatyajasram॥ 115॥
eṣā vṛttir nāma tamoguṇasya<br />
śaktir mayā vastu avabhāsate anyathā ।<br />
saiṣā nidānaṁ puruṣasya saṁsṛteḥ<br />
vikṣepa-śakteḥ pravaṇasya hetuḥ ॥ 113 ॥


- **Translation:**
=== Translation (अनुवाद) ===
  "Lack of contemplation, contrary contemplation, disbelief, and misunderstanding—these, when coupled with attachment, perpetually disturb with their power of distraction, never releasing one's consciousness."
This tendency of the quality of darkness (tamas) makes things appear differently; it is the cause of distraction and bondage for man.


- **Word Meanings:**
=== Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ) ===
  * abhāvanā - lack of contemplation, absence of meditation
{| class="wikitable"
  * viparītabhāvanā - contrary contemplation, wrong understanding
|-
  * asaṃbhāvanā - disbelief, incredulity
! Sanskrit (संस्कृत) !! English Meaning (अर्थ) !! Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
  * vipratipattiḥ - misunderstanding, confusion
|-
  * asyāḥ - of this, of her (referring to maya or ignorance)
| एषा (eṣā) || this || यह
  * saṃsargayuktam - coupled with attachment, in association with traits
|-
  * na - not
| वृत्तिः (vṛttiḥ) || tendency || वृत्ति
  * vimuñcati - releases, lets go
|-
  * dhruvam - certainly, perpetually
| नाम (nāma) || called || कहलाती है
  * vikṣepaśaktiḥ - power of distraction, intellectual disturbance
|-
  * kṣapayati - wears out, exhausts
| तमोगुणस्य (tamoguṇasya) || of the quality of darkness || तमोगुण की
  * ajasram - continuously, without cessation
|-
| शक्तिः (śaktiḥ) || power || शक्ति
|-
| मया (mayā) || by me || मेरे द्वारा
|-
| वस्तु (vastu) || object || वस्तु
|-
| अवभासते (avabhāsate) || appears || प्रकट होती है
|-
| अन्यथा (anyathā) || differently || भिन्न रूप से
|-
| सा (sā) || that || वह
|-
| एषा (eṣā) || this || यह
|-
| निदानं (nidānaṁ) || cause || कारण
|-
| पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) || of man || पुरुष का
|-
| संसृतेः (saṁsṛteḥ) || of the worldly existence || संसार की
|-
| विक्षेप-शक्तेः (vikṣepa-śakteḥ) || power of distraction || विक्षेप शक्ति
|-
| प्रवणस्य (pravaṇasya) || inclined || झुकाव वाली
|-
| हेतुः (hetuḥ) || reason || कारण
|}


- **Commentary:**
=== कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples ===
  This sloka speaks to the obstacles that the human mind faces on the path of spiritual enlightenment, drawing from Vedantic philosophy which often elucidates the nature of ignorance (maya) and the mind's tendencies. In this context, "abhāvanā," or the lack of contemplation, signifies an absence in cultivating awareness of the true Self, indicating negligence towards essential spiritual practices such as meditation and self-reflection. "Viparītabhāvanā," or contrary contemplation, refers to entertaining thoughts or understandings that are opposite to spiritual truths, while "asaṃbhāvanā," disbelief in one's potential for spiritual realization, acts as a formidable barrier to progress.
{| class="wikitable"
|+ कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
! कर्ता (Subject) !! क्रिया (Verb) !! विधान (Object) !! अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation !! हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
|-
| एषा वृत्तिः || अवभासते || वस्तु अन्यथा || This tendency makes the object appear differently. || यह वृत्ति वस्तु को भिन्न रूप में प्रकट करती है।
|-
| एषा वृत्तिः || निदानं || पुरुषस्य संसृतेः || This is the cause of man's worldly existence. || यह पुरुष के संसार में होने का कारण है।
|-
| एषा वृत्तिः || हेतुः || विक्षेपशक्तेः प्रवणस्य || This is the reason for the inclination to distraction. || यह विक्षेप की प्रवृत्ति का कारण है।
|}


These obstacles become further compounded when there is "saṃsargayuktam," an association or attachment to worldly desires and distractions. Each of these tendencies, characterized by avidyā or ignorance, adds to the "vikṣepaśaktiḥ," the power of distraction, which continually diverts the mind and exhausts one's energy. This results in an inability to release one's consciousness and focus from these worldly distractions, hence binding the individual to the cycle of confusion and misperception. The purpose of interpreting such a sloka is not merely academic but practical, urging aspirants to recognize these tendencies within themselves and work towards their dissolution through sustained practice, discernment, and inner discipline.
=== Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ) ===
* [[tamas|tamoguṇa (तमोगुण)]]
* [[saṁsāra|saṁsṛti (संसृति)]]
* [[vikṣepa|vikṣepa-śakti (विक्षेप-शक्ति)]]


This verse underscores the critical need for consistent, focused meditation and aligns with the larger teachings of Vedanta that emphasize liberation through self-awareness and overcoming ignorance.
=== Categories (वर्गीकरण) ===
* Ignorance
* Distraction
* Bondage
 
=== Commentary (टीका) ===
This verse explains the concept of *tamoguṇa* or the quality of darkness, which is a key aspect of the three *guṇas* described in Vedantic philosophy. The *tamasic* tendency creates illusion and ignorance, causing the individual to perceive reality inaccurately. This misunderstanding leads to a cycle of *saṁsāra*, or worldly existence, trapping the soul in distraction and attachment. The emphasis is on understanding how this power clouds judgment, urging seekers to cultivate awareness to transcend these limitations. By recognizing the influence of *tamoguṇa*, individuals can begin to counteract its effects through practices that enhance clarity and wisdom.


'''
'''
Further Readings:'''
* [[Vedanta]]
* [[Vivekachudamani]]

Latest revision as of 16:13, 7 January 2025

Sloka 113

Sloka (श्लोक)

एषावृतिर्नाम तमोगुणस्य
शक्तिर्मया वस्त्ववभासतेऽन्यथा ।
सैषा निदानं पुरुषस्य संसृतेः
विक्षेपशक्तेः प्रवणस्य हेतुः ॥ ११३ ॥

पदच्छेद / Padaccheda

एषा वृत्तिः नाम तमोगुणस्य
शक्तिः मया वस्तु अवभासते अन्यथा ।
सा एषा निदानं पुरुषस्य संसृतेः
विक्षेपशक्तेः प्रवणस्य हेतुः ॥ ११३ ॥

Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)

eṣā vṛttir nāma tamoguṇasya
śaktir mayā vastu avabhāsate anyathā ।
saiṣā nidānaṁ puruṣasya saṁsṛteḥ
vikṣepa-śakteḥ pravaṇasya hetuḥ ॥ 113 ॥

Translation (अनुवाद)

This tendency of the quality of darkness (tamas) makes things appear differently; it is the cause of distraction and bondage for man.

Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)

Sanskrit (संस्कृत) English Meaning (अर्थ) Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
एषा (eṣā) this यह
वृत्तिः (vṛttiḥ) tendency वृत्ति
नाम (nāma) called कहलाती है
तमोगुणस्य (tamoguṇasya) of the quality of darkness तमोगुण की
शक्तिः (śaktiḥ) power शक्ति
मया (mayā) by me मेरे द्वारा
वस्तु (vastu) object वस्तु
अवभासते (avabhāsate) appears प्रकट होती है
अन्यथा (anyathā) differently भिन्न रूप से
सा (sā) that वह
एषा (eṣā) this यह
निदानं (nidānaṁ) cause कारण
पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) of man पुरुष का
संसृतेः (saṁsṛteḥ) of the worldly existence संसार की
विक्षेप-शक्तेः (vikṣepa-śakteḥ) power of distraction विक्षेप शक्ति
प्रवणस्य (pravaṇasya) inclined झुकाव वाली
हेतुः (hetuḥ) reason कारण

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
कर्ता (Subject) क्रिया (Verb) विधान (Object) अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
एषा वृत्तिः अवभासते वस्तु अन्यथा This tendency makes the object appear differently. यह वृत्ति वस्तु को भिन्न रूप में प्रकट करती है।
एषा वृत्तिः निदानं पुरुषस्य संसृतेः This is the cause of man's worldly existence. यह पुरुष के संसार में होने का कारण है।
एषा वृत्तिः हेतुः विक्षेपशक्तेः प्रवणस्य This is the reason for the inclination to distraction. यह विक्षेप की प्रवृत्ति का कारण है।

Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)

Categories (वर्गीकरण)

  • Ignorance
  • Distraction
  • Bondage

Commentary (टीका)

This verse explains the concept of *tamoguṇa* or the quality of darkness, which is a key aspect of the three *guṇas* described in Vedantic philosophy. The *tamasic* tendency creates illusion and ignorance, causing the individual to perceive reality inaccurately. This misunderstanding leads to a cycle of *saṁsāra*, or worldly existence, trapping the soul in distraction and attachment. The emphasis is on understanding how this power clouds judgment, urging seekers to cultivate awareness to transcend these limitations. By recognizing the influence of *tamoguṇa*, individuals can begin to counteract its effects through practices that enhance clarity and wisdom.

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