Sloka 73: Difference between revisions

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== Sloka 73 ==
== Sloka 73 ==
'''Original Text:'''
 
 
=== Sloka (श्लोक) ===
 
<pre>
<pre>
अहंममेतिप्रथितं शरीरं
अहंममेतिप्रथितं शरीरं
मोहास्पदं स्थूलमितीर्यते बुधैः ।  
मोहास्पदं स्थूलमितीर्यते बुधैः ।
नभोनभस्वद्दहनाम्बुभूमयः
नभोनभस्वद्दहनाम्बुभूमयः
सूक्ष्माणि भूतानि भवन्ति तानि ॥ ७३ ॥  
सूक्ष्माणि भूतानि भवन्ति तानि ॥ ७३ ॥
</pre>
</pre>


- **Transliteration**:
=== पदच्छेद / Padaccheda ===
  ```
अहम्-मम-इति-प्रथितं शरीरं<br />
  ahaṃmametiprathitaṃ śarīraṃ
मोह-अस्पदं स्थूलम्-इति ईर्यते बुधैः<br />
  mohāspadaṃ sthūlamitīryate budhaiḥ ।
नभः-नभस्-वात्-दहन-अम्बु-भूमयः<br />
  nabhonabhasvaddahanāmbubhūmayaḥ
सूक्ष्माणि भूतानि भवन्ति तानि
  sūkṣmāṇi bhūtāni bhavanti tāni ॥ 73 ॥
  ```


- **Translation**:
  ```
  The body, which is well-known as 'I' and 'mine,' is described by the wise as the abode of delusion and is gross. The elements—space, air, fire, water, and earth—are subtle entities.
  ```


- **Word Meanings**:
=== Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण) ===
  * अहम् (ahaṃ) - I
ahaṁ-mama-iti-prathitaṁ śarīraṁ<br />
  * मम (mama) - mine
moha-āspadaṁ sthūlam-iti īryate budhaiḥ<br />
  * इति (iti) - thus
nabhaḥ-nabhas-vāt-dahana-ambu-bhūmayaḥ<br />
  * प्रथितं (prathitaṃ) - well-known, famous
sūkṣmāṇi bhūtāni bhavanti tāni
  * शरीरं (śarīraṃ) - body
  * मोहास्पदं (mohāspadaṃ) - abode of delusion
  * स्थूलम् (sthūlam) - gross
  * इति (iti) - thus
  * ईर्यते (īryate) - is described
  * बुधैः (budhaiḥ) - by the wise
  * नभः (nabhaḥ) - space
  * नभस्वत् (nabhasvat) - air
  * दहन (dahana) - fire
  * अम्बु (ambu) - water
  * भूमयः (bhūmayaḥ) - earth
  * सूक्ष्माणि (sūkṣmāṇi) - subtle
  * भूतानि (bhūtāni) - elements
  * भवन्ति (bhavanti) - are
  * तानि (tāni) - they


- **Commentary**:
=== Translation (अनुवाद) ===
  This verse delves into the distinction between the physical body and the fundamental elements of creation from a Vedantic perspective. It highlights the misconception or delusion (moha) that people commonly have regarding the body, whereby they associate their identity with the physical form, referring to it as 'I' and 'mine.' The wise, however, perceive this identification as a form of delusion because the body is merely a temporary, gross entity made up of physical matter.
The body, well-known as 'I' and 'mine' and being the abode of delusion, is considered gross by the wise. The subtle elements, such as space, air, fire, water, and earth, form the basis of these.


  The verse contrasts this gross physicality with the subtlety of the five great elements (pancha mahabhutas) — space, air, fire, water, and earth. These elements are the building blocks of the material world, yet in their purest forms, they are considered subtle (sūkṣma). They represent the different states of matter and states of consciousness that are essential for achieving higher understanding and realization.
=== Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ) ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Sanskrit (संस्कृत) !! English Meaning (अर्थ) !! Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
|-
| अहम् (aham) || I (ego) || मैं
|-
| मम (mama) || mine || मेरा
|-
| इति (iti) || thus || इस प्रकार
|-
| प्रथितं (prathitaṁ) || known || प्रसिद्ध
|-
| शरीरं (śarīraṁ) || body || शरीर
|-
| मोह (moha) || delusion || मोह
|-
| अस्पदं (āspadaṁ) || abode || आस्पद
|-
| स्थूलम् (sthūlam) || gross || स्थूल
|-
| इति (iti) || thus || इस प्रकार
|-
| ईर्यते (īryate) || is called || कहा जाता है
|-
| बुधैः (budhaiḥ) || by the wise || बुद्धिजनों द्वारा
|-
| नभः (nabhaḥ) || space || आकाश
|-
| नभस् (nabhas) || air || वायु
|-
| वात् (vāt) || air || वायु
|-
| दहन (dahana) || fire || अग्नि
|-
| अम्बु (ambu) || water || जल
|-
| भूमयः (bhūmayaḥ) || earths || धरती
|-
| सूक्ष्माणि (sūkṣmāṇi) || subtle || सूक्ष्म
|-
| भूतानि (bhūtāni) || elements || तत्व
|-
| भवन्ति (bhavanti) || become || होते हैं
|-
| तानि (tāni) || they || वे
|}


  Vedanta philosophy often urges practitioners to transcend identification with the physical and to understand the true essence of the self, which is beyond the gross body and the subtle elements. Realization of this truth is considered to be the path to freedom from delusion and the attainment of spiritual liberation (moksha).
=== कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+ कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
! कर्ता (Subject) !! क्रिया (Verb) !! विधान (Object) !! अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation !! हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
|-
| बुधैः || ईर्यते || शरीरं || The body is called by the wise. || शरीर को बुद्धिजनों द्वारा कहा जाता है।
|-
| तत्वानि || भवन्ति || सूक्ष्माणि || Elements become subtle. || तत्व सूक्ष्म हो जाते हैं।
|-
| अहं-मम-इति-प्रथितं शरीरम् || ईर्यते || मोहास्पदं स्थूलम् || The body, known as 'I' and 'mine', is called the abode of delusion and gross. || 'मैं' और 'मेरा' के रूप में प्रसिद्ध शरीर को मोह का आस्पद और स्थूल कहा जाता है।
|}
 
=== Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ) ===
* [[ahankāra|ahankāra (अहंकार)]]
* [[moha|moha (मोह)]]
* [[pañca-mahabhuta|pañca-mahabhuta (पञ्चमहाभूत)]]
* [[buddhi|buddhi (बुद्धि)]]
 
=== Categories (वर्गीकरण) ===
* Ego
* Delusion
* Elements
 
=== Commentary (टीका) ===
In this verse, the distinction between the gross physical body and the subtle elements which compose the universe is highlighted. The term ''aham'' represents the ego or self-identity, while ''mama'' signifies possession or attachment. Together, they form the basis of ''moha'', which is delusion. The body, often wrongly identified as the self, is seen by the wise as transient and composed of the ''pañca-mahā-bhūtas'' or five great elements (space, air, fire, water, and earth). These elements are considered subtle, thus indicating their foundational nature in forming the gross body. Understanding this separation of gross and subtle is key to liberating oneself from ignorance and attaining true knowledge.


'''
'''
Further Readings:'''
* [[Vedanta]]
* [[Vivekachudamani]]

Revision as of 16:00, 7 January 2025

Sloka 73

Sloka (श्लोक)

अहंममेतिप्रथितं शरीरं
मोहास्पदं स्थूलमितीर्यते बुधैः ।
नभोनभस्वद्दहनाम्बुभूमयः
सूक्ष्माणि भूतानि भवन्ति तानि ॥ ७३ ॥

पदच्छेद / Padaccheda

अहम्-मम-इति-प्रथितं शरीरं
मोह-अस्पदं स्थूलम्-इति ईर्यते बुधैः
नभः-नभस्-वात्-दहन-अम्बु-भूमयः
सूक्ष्माणि भूतानि भवन्ति तानि


Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)

ahaṁ-mama-iti-prathitaṁ śarīraṁ
moha-āspadaṁ sthūlam-iti īryate budhaiḥ
nabhaḥ-nabhas-vāt-dahana-ambu-bhūmayaḥ
sūkṣmāṇi bhūtāni bhavanti tāni

Translation (अनुवाद)

The body, well-known as 'I' and 'mine' and being the abode of delusion, is considered gross by the wise. The subtle elements, such as space, air, fire, water, and earth, form the basis of these.

Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)

Sanskrit (संस्कृत) English Meaning (अर्थ) Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
अहम् (aham) I (ego) मैं
मम (mama) mine मेरा
इति (iti) thus इस प्रकार
प्रथितं (prathitaṁ) known प्रसिद्ध
शरीरं (śarīraṁ) body शरीर
मोह (moha) delusion मोह
अस्पदं (āspadaṁ) abode आस्पद
स्थूलम् (sthūlam) gross स्थूल
इति (iti) thus इस प्रकार
ईर्यते (īryate) is called कहा जाता है
बुधैः (budhaiḥ) by the wise बुद्धिजनों द्वारा
नभः (nabhaḥ) space आकाश
नभस् (nabhas) air वायु
वात् (vāt) air वायु
दहन (dahana) fire अग्नि
अम्बु (ambu) water जल
भूमयः (bhūmayaḥ) earths धरती
सूक्ष्माणि (sūkṣmāṇi) subtle सूक्ष्म
भूतानि (bhūtāni) elements तत्व
भवन्ति (bhavanti) become होते हैं
तानि (tāni) they वे

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
कर्ता (Subject) क्रिया (Verb) विधान (Object) अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
बुधैः ईर्यते शरीरं The body is called by the wise. शरीर को बुद्धिजनों द्वारा कहा जाता है।
तत्वानि भवन्ति सूक्ष्माणि Elements become subtle. तत्व सूक्ष्म हो जाते हैं।
अहं-मम-इति-प्रथितं शरीरम् ईर्यते मोहास्पदं स्थूलम् The body, known as 'I' and 'mine', is called the abode of delusion and gross. 'मैं' और 'मेरा' के रूप में प्रसिद्ध शरीर को मोह का आस्पद और स्थूल कहा जाता है।

Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)

Categories (वर्गीकरण)

  • Ego
  • Delusion
  • Elements

Commentary (टीका)

In this verse, the distinction between the gross physical body and the subtle elements which compose the universe is highlighted. The term aham represents the ego or self-identity, while mama signifies possession or attachment. Together, they form the basis of moha, which is delusion. The body, often wrongly identified as the self, is seen by the wise as transient and composed of the pañca-mahā-bhūtas or five great elements (space, air, fire, water, and earth). These elements are considered subtle, thus indicating their foundational nature in forming the gross body. Understanding this separation of gross and subtle is key to liberating oneself from ignorance and attaining true knowledge.

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