Sutra 2 2 3: Difference between revisions

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=== English ===
=== English ===
This sūtra states that arthāpatti (postulation or presumption) is not considered a valid means of knowledge (pramāṇa) because it suffers from non-exclusivity (anaikāntikatva). In other words, the knowledge obtained through arthāpatti is not necessarily certain or universally required, so it is not accepted as a pramāṇa in the Nyāya system.
This sūtra states that arthāpatti (postulation or presumption) is not considered a valid means of knowledge (pramāṇa) because it suffers from non-exclusivity (anaikāntikatva). In other words, the knowledge obtained through arthāpatti is not necessarily certain or universally required, so it is not accepted as a pramāṇa in the Nyāya system.
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==== <big>Edited Concept List</big> ====
*प्रमाण (pramāṇa, valid means of knowledge)
* अनैकान्तिकत्व (anaikāntikatva, non-exclusivity)

Latest revision as of 13:44, 27 May 2025

Sutra 2_2_3

Original Text:

अर्थापत्तिरप्रमाणमनैकान्तिकत्वात्

Word-by-Word Breakdown

Sanskrit Term Transliteration Hindi Meaning English Meaning
अर्थापत्ति arthāpatti किसी तथ्य की व्याख्या के लिए आवश्यक अनुमान postulation (presumption necessary to explain a fact)
अप्रमाणम् apramāṇam प्रमाण नहीं, ज्ञान का प्रमाणित साधन नहीं not a valid means of knowledge
अनैकान्तिकत्वात् anaikāntikatvāt निश्चित न होने के कारण, सार्वत्रिकता का अभाव due to non-exclusivity (lack of necessity/universality)

Concept List

  • अर्थापत्ति (arthāpatti, postulation)
  • प्रमाण (pramāṇa, valid means of knowledge)
  • अनैकान्तिकत्व (anaikāntikatva, non-exclusivity)

Subject–Verb–Object Triples

  • अर्थापत्ति – lacks – प्रमाण
  • अनैकान्तिकत्व – causes – अप्रमाणता

Triple Tables

Hindi

विषय (S) संबंध (V) वस्तु (O)
अर्थापत्ति प्रमाण का अभाव रखती है प्रमाण
अनैकान्तिकत्व अप्रमाणता का कारण है अर्थापत्ति

English

Subject (S) Relation (V) Object (O)
Arthapatti (postulation) lacks Pramana (valid means of knowledge)
Anaikantikatva (non-exclusivity) causes invalidity Arthapatti (postulation)

Translation/Explanation

Hindi

इस सूत्र में कहा गया है कि अर्थापत्ति (परिकल्पना या अनुमान), प्रमाण नहीं है, क्योंकि उसमें अनैकान्तिकता (निश्चितता का अभाव) पाई जाती है। अर्थात, अर्थापत्ति के द्वारा प्राप्त ज्ञान सर्वथा आवश्यक या अनिवार्य नहीं होता, इसलिए उसे प्रमाण नहीं माना जाता।

English

This sūtra states that arthāpatti (postulation or presumption) is not considered a valid means of knowledge (pramāṇa) because it suffers from non-exclusivity (anaikāntikatva). In other words, the knowledge obtained through arthāpatti is not necessarily certain or universally required, so it is not accepted as a pramāṇa in the Nyāya system.


Edited Concept List

  • प्रमाण (pramāṇa, valid means of knowledge)
  • अनैकान्तिकत्व (anaikāntikatva, non-exclusivity)