Sutra 2 1 2: Difference between revisions
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This sūtra states that the presence of divergent opinions leads to a lack of order or definiteness. However, when there is firm and definite cognition (adhyavasāya), it removes this absence of order. This highlights the Nyāya emphasis on the necessity of certainty and proper knowledge for resolving disputes and establishing order. | This sūtra states that the presence of divergent opinions leads to a lack of order or definiteness. However, when there is firm and definite cognition (adhyavasāya), it removes this absence of order. This highlights the Nyāya emphasis on the necessity of certainty and proper knowledge for resolving disputes and establishing order. | ||
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Latest revision as of 12:34, 29 April 2025
Sutra 2_1_2
Original Text:
विप्रतिपत्त्यव्यवस्थाध्यवसायाच्च
Word-by-Word Breakdown
| Sanskrit Term | Transliteration | Hindi Meaning | English Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| विप्रतिपत्ति | vipratipatti | विभिन्न मतों का होना – मतभेद या विभिन्न विचारों की उपस्थिति | divergence of opinions; presence of conflicting views |
| अव्यवस्था | avyavasthā | निश्चितता का अभाव – व्यवस्था या स्थिरता का न होना | absence of order; lack of definiteness |
| अध्यवसायात् | adhyavasayāt | निश्चय से – निश्चित ज्ञान या दृढ़ निर्णय के कारण | due to definite cognition; because of firm ascertainment |
| च | ca | और – संयोजन सूचक | and; conjunction |
Concept List
- विप्रतिपत्ति (divergence of opinions)
- अव्यवस्था (absence of order)
- अध्यवसाय (definite cognition)
Subject–Verb–Object Triples
- divergence of opinions – leads to – absence of order
- definite cognition – removes – absence of order
Triple Tables
Hindi
| विषय (S) | संबंध (V) | वस्तु (O) |
|---|---|---|
| विभिन्न मतों की उपस्थिति | उत्पन्न करती है | व्यवस्था का अभाव |
| निश्चित ज्ञान | दूर करता है | व्यवस्था का अभाव |
English
| Subject (S) | Relation (V) | Object (O) |
|---|---|---|
| divergence of opinions | leads to | absence of order |
| definite cognition | removes | absence of order |
Translation/Explanation
Hindi
इस सूत्र में कहा गया है कि जब विभिन्न मत या विचार उपस्थित होते हैं, तब निश्चितता या व्यवस्था का अभाव होता है। लेकिन जब दृढ़ और निश्चित ज्ञान (अध्यवसाय) होता है, तब वह इस अव्यवस्था को दूर कर देता है। यह न्यायशास्त्र में प्रमाण और ज्ञान की निश्चितता की आवश्यकता को स्पष्ट करता है।
English
This sūtra states that the presence of divergent opinions leads to a lack of order or definiteness. However, when there is firm and definite cognition (adhyavasāya), it removes this absence of order. This highlights the Nyāya emphasis on the necessity of certainty and proper knowledge for resolving disputes and establishing order.