Sloka 374: Difference between revisions

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== Sloka 374 ==
== Sloka 374 ==
'''Original Text:'''
 
 
 
=== Sloka (श्लोक) ===
 
<pre>
<pre>
अन्तः स्वयं चापि बहिः स्वयं च
वैराग्यबोधौ पुरुषस्य पक्षिवत्
स्वयं पुरस्तात्स्वयमेव पश्चात् ।  
पक्षौ विजानीहि विचक्षण त्वम् ।
स्वयं ह्यावाच्यां स्वयमप्युदीच्यां
विमुक्तिसौधाग्रलताधिरोहणं
तथोपरिष्टात्स्वयमप्यधस्तात् ॥ ३८९ ॥  
ताभ्यां विना नान्यतरेण सिध्यति ॥ ३७४ ॥
</pre>
</pre>


Certainly! Let's explore the given sloka.
=== पदच्छेद / Padaccheda ===
वैराग्य-बोधौ 
पुरुषस्य 
पक्षिवत् 
पक्षौ 
विजानीहि 
विचक्षण 
त्वम् । 
विमुक्ति-सौध-आग्र-लता-अधिरोहणं 
ताभ्यां 
विना 
न 
अन्यतरेण 
सिध्यति ॥
 
=== Transliteration (लिप्यंतरण) ===
vairāgya-bodhau puruṣasya pakṣivat pakṣau vijānīhi vicakṣaṇa tvam | 
vimukti-saudha-agra-latā-adhirohaṇaṁ tābhyāṁ vinā na anyatareṇa siddhyati || 374 ||
 
=== Translation (अनुवाद) ===
Understand that dispassion and knowledge are like the two wings of a bird for a man; without these, the ascent to the summit of the mansion of liberation cannot be achieved by either alone.
 
=== Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ) ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Sanskrit (संस्कृत) !! English Meaning (अर्थ) !! Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
|-
| वैराग्य (vairāgya) || dispassion || वैराग्य
|-
| बोधौ (bodhau) || and knowledge || और ज्ञान
|-
| पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) || of a man || पुरुष के
|-
| पक्षिवत् (pakṣivat) || like a bird || पक्षी के समान
|-
| पक्षौ (pakṣau) || wings || पंख
|-
| विजानीहि (vijānīhi) || understand || जान लो
|-
| विचक्षण (vicakṣaṇa) || wise one || विवेकी
|-
| त्वम् (tvam) || you || तू
|-
| विमुक्ति (vimukti) || liberation || मुक्ति
|-
| सौधाग्रलता (saudha-agra-latā) || summit of the mansion || महल के शिखर
|-
| अधिरोहणं (adhirohaṇam) || ascent || आरोहण
|-
| ताभ्यां (tābhyām) || by these two || इन दोनों से
|-
| विना (vinā) || without || बिना
|-
| न (na) || not || नहीं
|-
| अन्यतरेण (anyatareṇa) || by either alone || किसी एक से
|-
| सिध्यति (siddhyati) || is achieved || सिद्ध होता
|}


- **Transliteration:**
=== कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples ===
  antarḥ svayaṃ cāpi bahiḥ svayaṃ ca 
{| class="wikitable"
  svayaṃ purastāt svayam eva paścāt |
|+ कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
  svayaṃ hy āvācyaṃ svayam apy udīcyāṃ 
! कर्ता (Subject) !! क्रिया (Verb) !! विधान (Object) !! अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation !! हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
  tathopariṣṭāt svayam apy adhastāt || 389 ||
|-
| विचक्षण (wise one) || विजानीहि (understand) || वैराग्य-बोधौ पक्षवत् || The wise one understands dispassion and knowledge as wings. || विवेकी वैराग्य और ज्ञान को पक्षी के पंखों के समान समझता है।
|-
| पुरुषस्य (of a man) || सिध्यति (is achieved) || विमुक्तिसौधाग्रलताधिरोहणं || The man's ascent to liberation is not achieved. || पुरुष का मुक्ति का आरोहण सिद्ध नहीं होता।
|-
| विमुक्तिसौधाग्रलताधिरोहणं (ascent to liberation) || सिध्यति (is achieved) || ताभ्यां विना न || Without these two, the ascent to liberation is not achieved. || इन दोनों के बिना, मुक्ति का आरोहण सिद्ध नहीं होता।
|}


- **Translation:**
=== Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ) ===
  "Pervading within oneself and outside too, 
* [[vairāgya|vairāgya (वैराग्य)]]
  Being to the front and also behind, 
* [[bodha|bodha (बोध)]]
  Above and below, indeed in every direction, 
* [[vimukti|vimukti (विमुक्ति)]]
  That Self alone is present."
* [[saudha-agra-latā|saudha-agra-latā (सौधाग्रलता)]]


- **Word Meanings:**
=== Categories (वर्गीकरण) ===
  - *antarḥ* - inside, within
* Dispassion
  - *svayam* - oneself, self
* Knowledge
  - *ca* - and
* Liberation
  - *api* - also, even
  - *bahiḥ* - outside
  - *svayaṃ* - oneself, same word repeated for emphasis
  - *purastāt* - in the front
  - *eva* - indeed, alone
  - *paścāt* - behind, in the back
  - *hy* - indeed, truly
  - *āvācyaṃ* - downward, towards the south
  - *apy* - even
  - *udīcyāṃ* - upward, towards the north
  - *tathā* - thus, equally
  - *upariṣṭāt* - above
  - *adhastāt* - below


- **Commentary:**
=== Commentary (टीका) ===
  This sloka emphasizes the omnipresence of the ultimate reality, often referred to as the Self or the Supreme Consciousness in Vedantic philosophy. It vividly describes how this Self is not confined to any particular place or direction but is all-pervasive. By using directions as metaphors, the text explains a non-dualistic view where the Self is present everywhere — within and without, at every point in space, and beyond space constraints. Such a realization elevates the understanding from a limited, individual perspective to a universal comprehension where the distinction between inner and outer worlds dissolves. This teaching is central to Advaita Vedanta, where the realization of one's unity with the Infinite is the ultimate spiritual goal. This Sloka calls upon aspirants to recognize this immanent and transcendent reality, providing a deep insight into the nature of existence and self-realization.
The sloka emphasizes the importance of '''vairāgya''' (dispassion) and '''bodha''' (knowledge) as essential components for achieving liberation, likening them to the two wings needed for a bird to fly. In the realm of '''adhyātma''' (spiritual pursuit), both elements must be balanced and harmonized to ascend to the pinnacle of '''vimukti''' (liberation). Like a bird that cannot fly with one wing, an aspirant cannot reach the summit of spiritual freedom without integrating both dispassion towards worldly allurements and an insight into the truth. This balance is crucial for abiding in the truth and overcoming the bindings of the ephemeral world.


'''
'''
Further Readings:'''
* [[Vedanta]]
* [[Vivekachudamani]]

Latest revision as of 13:20, 1 February 2025

Sloka 374

Sloka (श्लोक)

वैराग्यबोधौ पुरुषस्य पक्षिवत्
पक्षौ विजानीहि विचक्षण त्वम् ।
विमुक्तिसौधाग्रलताधिरोहणं
ताभ्यां विना नान्यतरेण सिध्यति ॥ ३७४ ॥

पदच्छेद / Padaccheda

वैराग्य-बोधौ पुरुषस्य पक्षिवत् पक्षौ विजानीहि विचक्षण त्वम् । विमुक्ति-सौध-आग्र-लता-अधिरोहणं ताभ्यां विना न अन्यतरेण सिध्यति ॥

Transliteration (लिप्यंतरण)

vairāgya-bodhau puruṣasya pakṣivat pakṣau vijānīhi vicakṣaṇa tvam | vimukti-saudha-agra-latā-adhirohaṇaṁ tābhyāṁ vinā na anyatareṇa siddhyati || 374 ||

Translation (अनुवाद)

Understand that dispassion and knowledge are like the two wings of a bird for a man; without these, the ascent to the summit of the mansion of liberation cannot be achieved by either alone.

Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)

Sanskrit (संस्कृत) English Meaning (अर्थ) Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
वैराग्य (vairāgya) dispassion वैराग्य
बोधौ (bodhau) and knowledge और ज्ञान
पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) of a man पुरुष के
पक्षिवत् (pakṣivat) like a bird पक्षी के समान
पक्षौ (pakṣau) wings पंख
विजानीहि (vijānīhi) understand जान लो
विचक्षण (vicakṣaṇa) wise one विवेकी
त्वम् (tvam) you तू
विमुक्ति (vimukti) liberation मुक्ति
सौधाग्रलता (saudha-agra-latā) summit of the mansion महल के शिखर
अधिरोहणं (adhirohaṇam) ascent आरोहण
ताभ्यां (tābhyām) by these two इन दोनों से
विना (vinā) without बिना
न (na) not नहीं
अन्यतरेण (anyatareṇa) by either alone किसी एक से
सिध्यति (siddhyati) is achieved सिद्ध होता

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
कर्ता (Subject) क्रिया (Verb) विधान (Object) अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
विचक्षण (wise one) विजानीहि (understand) वैराग्य-बोधौ पक्षवत् The wise one understands dispassion and knowledge as wings. विवेकी वैराग्य और ज्ञान को पक्षी के पंखों के समान समझता है।
पुरुषस्य (of a man) सिध्यति (is achieved) विमुक्तिसौधाग्रलताधिरोहणं The man's ascent to liberation is not achieved. पुरुष का मुक्ति का आरोहण सिद्ध नहीं होता।
विमुक्तिसौधाग्रलताधिरोहणं (ascent to liberation) सिध्यति (is achieved) ताभ्यां विना न Without these two, the ascent to liberation is not achieved. इन दोनों के बिना, मुक्ति का आरोहण सिद्ध नहीं होता।

Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)

Categories (वर्गीकरण)

  • Dispassion
  • Knowledge
  • Liberation

Commentary (टीका)

The sloka emphasizes the importance of vairāgya (dispassion) and bodha (knowledge) as essential components for achieving liberation, likening them to the two wings needed for a bird to fly. In the realm of adhyātma (spiritual pursuit), both elements must be balanced and harmonized to ascend to the pinnacle of vimukti (liberation). Like a bird that cannot fly with one wing, an aspirant cannot reach the summit of spiritual freedom without integrating both dispassion towards worldly allurements and an insight into the truth. This balance is crucial for abiding in the truth and overcoming the bindings of the ephemeral world.

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