Sloka 124: Difference between revisions

From IKS BHU
Jump to navigation Jump to search
VisualWikitext
imported>Vij
Added sloka content
 
imported>Vij
Added sloka content
 
Line 1: Line 1:


== Sloka 124 ==
== Sloka 124 ==
'''Original Text:'''
 
 
=== Sloka (श्लोक) ===
 
<pre>
<pre>
यो विजानाति सकलं जाग्रत्स्वप्नसुषुप्तिषु ।  
अथ ते संप्रवक्ष्यामि स्वरूपं परमात्मनः ।
बुद्धितद्वृत्तिसद्भावमभावमहमित्ययम् ॥ १२६ ॥  
यद्विज्ञाय नरो बन्धान्मुक्तः कैवल्यमश्नुते ॥ १२४ ॥
</pre>
</pre>


Certainly! Let's delve into the given sloka with a detailed analysis.
=== पदच्छेद / Padaccheda ===
अथ ते संप्रवक्ष्यामि 
स्वरूपं परमात्मनः 
यत् विज्ञाय नरः 
बन्धान् मुक्तः 
कैवल्यम् अश्नुते 


- **Transliteration:**
=== Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण) ===
  yo vijānāti sakalaṁ jāgratsvapnasuṣuptiṣu |
atha te saṁpravakṣyāmi svarūpaṁ paramātmanaḥ |
  buddhitadvṛttisadbhāvamabhāvamahamityayam || 126 ||
yad vijñāya naro bandhān muktaḥ kaivalyam aśnute || 124 ||


- **Translation:**
=== Translation (अनुवाद) ===
  "He who knows everything during the waking, dream, and deep sleep states, this one as 'I am' perceives the existence and non-existence of the modifications of the intellect."
Now I shall describe to you the true nature of the Supreme Self; by knowing which, a person is liberated from bondage and attains oneness.


- **Word Meanings:**
=== Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ) ===
  * yo - who
{| class="wikitable"
  * vijānāti - knows
|-
  * sakalam - everything
! Sanskrit (संस्कृत) !! English Meaning (अर्थ) !! Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
  * jāgrat - waking
|-
  * svapna - dream
| अथ (atha) || now || अब
  * suṣuptiṣu - in deep sleep
|-
  * buddhi - intellect
| ते (te) || to you || तुमसे
  * tat - that
|-
  * vṛtti - modifications
| संप्रवक्ष्यामि (saṁpravakṣyāmi) || I shall describe || बताऊंगा
  * sadbhāvam - existence
|-
  * abhāvam - non-existence
| स्वरूपं (svarūpaṁ) || true nature || वास्तविक स्वरूप
  * aham - I
|-
  * iti - thus
| परमात्मनः (paramātmanaḥ) || of the Supreme Self || परमात्मा का
  * ayam - this one
|-
| यत् (yat) || which || जो
|-
| विज्ञाय (vijñāya) || knowing || जानकर
|-
| नरः (naraḥ) || a person || मनुष्य
|-
| बन्धान् (bandhān) || from bondage || बंधनों से
|-
| मुक्तः (muktaḥ) || liberated || मुक्त
|-
| कैवल्यम् (kaivalyam) || oneness || कैवल्य
|-
| अश्नुते (aśnute) || attains || पाता है
|}


- **Commentary:**
=== कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples ===
  This sloka is a profound reflection on the nature of the Self as the witness consciousness. It comes from a context that explores the different states of human experience: waking, dreaming, and deep sleep. In these three states, the mind undergoes various modifications and experiences differ across each state. However, there remains a constant, unchanging witness — the Self or Atman — that perceives these changes without itself undergoing any alteration.
{| class="wikitable"
|+ कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
! कर्ता (Subject) !! क्रिया (Verb) !! विधान (Object) !! अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation !! हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
|-
| अहम् || संप्रवक्ष्यामि || ते स्वरूपं परमात्मनः || I shall describe to you the true nature of the Supreme Self. || मैं तुमसे परमात्मा का वास्तविक स्वरूप बताऊंगा।
|-
| नरो || अश्नुते || कैवल्यम् || The person attains oneness. || मनुष्य कैवल्य पाता है।
|-
| नरो || मुक्तः || बन्धान् (से) || The person is liberated from bondage. || मनुष्य बंधनों से मुक्त होता है।
|}


The "yo" or "he who" refers to the ultimate knower, the Self, which remains constant amidst the impermanent. In Vedantic philosophy, this knower is not limited by time, space, or any state. It is this discerning consciousness that acknowledges the presence (sadbhāvam) and absence (abhāvam) of the vrittis (mental modifications) that appear in the mind or intellect (buddhi).
=== Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ) ===
* [[paramātman|paramātman (परमात्मन्)]]
* [[mukti|mukti (मुक्ति)]]
* [[kaivalya|kaivalya (कैवल्य)]]
* [[bandha|bandha (बंधन)]]


The concept highlighted here stretches to the non-dual understanding of reality, where one realizes that beneath the diverse states of human experience lies an immutable essence, described here as "aham" or "I". This timeless witness is the true nature of the Self, distinct from the transient processes of the mind and body. By grasping this, one begins the journey towards liberation, recognizing the illusory nature of individual identity and ego that obscures one from realizing their true nature.
=== Categories (वर्गीकरण) ===
* Self-realization
* Liberation


This teaching invites practitioners to introspect and recognize that their true self is the unchanging observer of all experiences, which leads to liberation from the cycles of change and suffering characteristic of the empirical existence.
=== Commentary (टीका) ===
This verse serves as an introduction to a discussion on the nature of the '''Paramātman''' or Supreme Self. It is an invitation to the seeker to delve into understanding the ultimate truth. By realizing the '''svarūpa''' (true nature) of the '''Paramātman''', one transcends '''bandha''' (bondage) and attains '''kaivalya''' (oneness), which is the state of liberation. The verse highlights the importance of direct knowledge in achieving spiritual freedom and emphasizes the role of understanding in liberation. The concept of '''mukti''' or liberation is central to Vedantic philosophy, where the realization of one's true nature leads to freedom from the cycle of birth and death.


'''
'''
Further Readings:'''
* [[Vedanta]]
* [[Vivekachudamani]]

Latest revision as of 23:52, 31 January 2025

Sloka 124

Sloka (श्लोक)

अथ ते संप्रवक्ष्यामि स्वरूपं परमात्मनः ।
यद्विज्ञाय नरो बन्धान्मुक्तः कैवल्यमश्नुते ॥ १२४ ॥

पदच्छेद / Padaccheda

अथ ते संप्रवक्ष्यामि स्वरूपं परमात्मनः यत् विज्ञाय नरः बन्धान् मुक्तः कैवल्यम् अश्नुते

Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)

atha te saṁpravakṣyāmi svarūpaṁ paramātmanaḥ | yad vijñāya naro bandhān muktaḥ kaivalyam aśnute || 124 ||

Translation (अनुवाद)

Now I shall describe to you the true nature of the Supreme Self; by knowing which, a person is liberated from bondage and attains oneness.

Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)

Sanskrit (संस्कृत) English Meaning (अर्थ) Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
अथ (atha) now अब
ते (te) to you तुमसे
संप्रवक्ष्यामि (saṁpravakṣyāmi) I shall describe बताऊंगा
स्वरूपं (svarūpaṁ) true nature वास्तविक स्वरूप
परमात्मनः (paramātmanaḥ) of the Supreme Self परमात्मा का
यत् (yat) which जो
विज्ञाय (vijñāya) knowing जानकर
नरः (naraḥ) a person मनुष्य
बन्धान् (bandhān) from bondage बंधनों से
मुक्तः (muktaḥ) liberated मुक्त
कैवल्यम् (kaivalyam) oneness कैवल्य
अश्नुते (aśnute) attains पाता है

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
कर्ता (Subject) क्रिया (Verb) विधान (Object) अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
अहम् संप्रवक्ष्यामि ते स्वरूपं परमात्मनः I shall describe to you the true nature of the Supreme Self. मैं तुमसे परमात्मा का वास्तविक स्वरूप बताऊंगा।
नरो अश्नुते कैवल्यम् The person attains oneness. मनुष्य कैवल्य पाता है।
नरो मुक्तः बन्धान् (से) The person is liberated from bondage. मनुष्य बंधनों से मुक्त होता है।

Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)

Categories (वर्गीकरण)

  • Self-realization
  • Liberation

Commentary (टीका)

This verse serves as an introduction to a discussion on the nature of the Paramātman or Supreme Self. It is an invitation to the seeker to delve into understanding the ultimate truth. By realizing the svarūpa (true nature) of the Paramātman, one transcends bandha (bondage) and attains kaivalya (oneness), which is the state of liberation. The verse highlights the importance of direct knowledge in achieving spiritual freedom and emphasizes the role of understanding in liberation. The concept of mukti or liberation is central to Vedantic philosophy, where the realization of one's true nature leads to freedom from the cycle of birth and death.

Retrieved from "https://iks.bhu.edu.in/index.php?title=Sloka_124&oldid=1264"