Sloka 19

Sloka 19

Sloka (श्लोक)

आदौ नित्यानित्यवस्तुविवेकः परिगम्यते । 
इहामुत्रफलभोगविरागस्तदनन्तरम्।
शमादिषट्कसम्पत्तिर्मुमुक्षुत्वमिति स्फुटम् ॥ १९ ॥

पदच्छेद / Padaccheda

आदौ नित्यानित्यवस्तुविवेकः
परिगम्यते
इह अमुत्र फल भोग विरागः तत् अनन्तरम्
शमादि षट्क सम्पत्तिः मुमुक्षुत्वम् इति स्फुटम्

Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)

ādau nityānityavastuvivekaḥ parigamyate
ihaamutraphalabhogavirāgas tadanantaram
śamādiṣaṭkasampattir mumukṣutvam iti sphuṭam

Translation (अनुवाद)

Initially, the discrimination between the eternal and non-eternal is understood, followed by dispassion for the fruits of actions here and hereafter; then the sixfold virtues like tranquility, and finally, the yearning for liberation clearly emerges.

Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)

Sanskrit (संस्कृत)	English Meaning (अर्थ)	Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
आदौ (ādau)	initially	प्रारम्भ में
नित्य-अनित्य-वस्तु-विवेकः (nitya-anitya-vastu-vivekaḥ)	discrimination between the eternal and non-eternal	नित्य और अनित्य वस्तुओं का विवेक
परिगम्यते (parigamyate)	is understood	समझा जाता है
इह (iha)	here	यहाँ
अमुत्र (amutra)	hereafter	परलोक में
फल (phala)	fruits	फल
भोग (bhoga)	enjoyment	भोग
विरागः (virāgaḥ)	dispassion	वैराग्य
तत् (tat)	that	वह
अनन्तरम् (anantaram)	afterwards	उसके बाद
शमादि (śamādi)	virtues like tranquility	शान्ति आदि
षट्क (ṣaṭka)	sixfold	षट्क
सम्पत्तिः (sampattiḥ)	virtues or wealth	सम्पत्ति
मुमुक्षुत्वम् (mumukṣutvam)	yearning for liberation	मोक्ष की इच्छा
इति (iti)	thus	इस प्रकार
स्फुटम् (sphuṭam)	clearly	स्पष्ट है

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples

कर्ता (Subject)	क्रिया (Verb)	विधान (Object)	अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation	हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
विवेकः	परिगम्यते	नित्य-अनित्य-वस्तु	Discrimination between eternal and non-eternal is understood.	नित्य-अनित्य वस्तुओं का विवेक समझा जाता है।
विरागः	परिगम्यते	इहामुत्र फल भोग	Dispassion for fruits of actions here and hereafter is achieved.	इहामुत्र फल भोग के लिए वैराग्य प्राप्त होता है।
सम्पत्तिः	गृहीता	शमादि षट्क	Acquisition of sixfold virtues like tranquility.	शान्ति आदि षट्क गुण ग्रहण किए जाते हैं।
मुमुक्षुत्वम्	स्फुटम्	इति	Yearning for liberation clearly emerges.	मोक्ष की इच्छा स्पष्ट रूप से प्रकट होती है।

Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)

• nitya-anitya-vastu-viveka (नित्य-अनित्य-वस्तु-विवेक)
• virāga (विराग)
• ṣaṭka sampatti (षट्क सम्पत्ति)
• mumukṣutva (मुमुक्षुत्व)

Categories (वर्गीकरण)

• Discrimination
• Dispassion
• Spirituality
• Liberation

Commentary (टीका)

This verse sequentially outlines the stages leading to spiritual liberation. It begins with viveka or discrimination, a fundamental ability to discern between the changeless eternal and the transient. This wisdom leads to virāga, dispassion towards temporary and illusory pleasures of both the earthly and otherworldly realms. Once such dispassion is established, a practitioner develops the ṣaṭka sampatti, the sixfold virtues including śama (calmness), dama (self-control), uparati (withdrawal), titikṣa (endurance), śraddha (faith), and samādhāna (concentration). Finally, the verse culminates in mumukṣutva, the intense longing for mokṣa or liberation, vividly manifesting in the seeker’s life. This systematic approach emphasizes how Vedantic sadhana is structured and progressive in leading a practitioner towards self-realization.