Sutra 1 2 14: Difference between revisions

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When alternatives of duty are indicated and the actual presence of the intended object is negated, then the use of words in a figurative or secondary sense (upacāra) is considered a pretext or device. That is, when the real purpose is absent, the words are used only for practical or figurative reasons, which is termed as a pretext.
When alternatives of duty are indicated and the actual presence of the intended object is negated, then the use of words in a figurative or secondary sense (upacāra) is considered a pretext or device. That is, when the real purpose is absent, the words are used only for practical or figurative reasons, which is termed as a pretext.
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==== <big>Edited Concept List</big> ====
* उपचारच्छल (pretext of figurative usage)

Latest revision as of 16:51, 28 April 2025

Sutra 1_2_14

Original Text:

धर्मविकल्पनिर्देशेऽर्थसद्भावप्रतिषेध उपचारच्छलम्

Word-by-Word Breakdown

Sanskrit Term Transliteration Hindi Meaning English Meaning
धर्मविकल्पनिर्देशे dharma-vikalpa-nirdeśe धर्म के भेद का निर्देश – कर्तव्य के विभिन्न प्रकार का उल्लेख in the indication of alternatives of duty
अर्थसद्भावप्रतिषेध artha-sadbhāva-pratiṣedha अर्थ की उपस्थिति का निषेध – प्रयोजन के अस्तित्व का निषेध negation of the presence of the intended object
उपचारच्छलम् upacāra-chalam रूपक या व्यावहारिक छल – शब्द का रूपक या अप्रधान अर्थ में प्रयोग pretext of figurative or secondary usage

Concept List

  • धर्मविकल्पनिर्देश (indication of alternatives of duty)
  • अर्थसद्भावप्रतिषेध (negation of presence of intended object)
  • उपचारच्छल (pretext of figurative usage)

Subject–Verb–Object Triples

  • उपचारच्छल – arises due to – अर्थसद्भावप्रतिषेध
  • अर्थसद्भावप्रतिषेध – occurs in – धर्मविकल्पनिर्देश

Triple Tables

Hindi

विषय (S) संबंध (V) वस्तु (O)
उपचारच्छल उत्पन्न होता है कारण से अर्थसद्भावप्रतिषेध
अर्थसद्भावप्रतिषेध होता है में धर्मविकल्पनिर्देश

English

Subject (S) Relation (V) Object (O)
Pretext of figurative usage arises due to Negation of presence of intended object
Negation of presence of intended object occurs in Indication of alternatives of duty

Translation/Explanation

Hindi

जब धर्म के विभिन्न विकल्पों का निर्देश किया जाता है, और किसी प्रयोजन की वास्तविक उपस्थिति का निषेध किया जाता है, तब शब्दों का रूपक या अप्रधान अर्थ में प्रयोग (उपचार) एक प्रकार का छल कहलाता है। अर्थात, जब वास्तविक प्रयोजन नहीं होता, तब भी शब्दों का प्रयोग केवल व्यवहार या रूपक के लिए किया जाता है।

English

When alternatives of duty are indicated and the actual presence of the intended object is negated, then the use of words in a figurative or secondary sense (upacāra) is considered a pretext or device. That is, when the real purpose is absent, the words are used only for practical or figurative reasons, which is termed as a pretext.


Edited Concept List

  • उपचारच्छल (pretext of figurative usage)