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Added/updated by bot page Sutra_4_2_21

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== Sutra 4_2_21 ==
'''Original Text:'''
<pre>
अन्त-र्बहिश्च कार्यद्रव्यस्य कारणान्तरवचनादकार्ये तदभावः
</pre>

== Word-by-Word Breakdown ==

{| class="wikitable"
! Sanskrit Term !! Transliteration !! Hindi Meaning !! English Meaning
|-
| अन्तः || antaḥ || भीतर – आन्तरिक रूप || inside, internal
|-
| बहिः || bahiḥ || बाहर – बाहरी रूप || outside, external
|-
| च || ca || और – संयोजन सूचक || and (conjunction)
|-
| कार्यद्रव्यस्य || kāryadravyasya || परिणामित द्रव्य का – जो कार्य रूप में परिणत हुआ || of the effect-substance (transformed substance)
|-
| कारणान्तरवचनात् || kāraṇāntara-vacanāt || अन्य कारण के निर्देश के कारण – किसी अन्य हेतु के उल्लेख से || due to mention of another cause
|-
| अकाये || akārye || कार्य न होने पर – परिणाम न होने की स्थिति में || in the absence of effect
|-
| तदभावः || tad-abhāvaḥ || उसका अभाव – उसका न होना || absence of that (absence of the mentioned factor)
|}

== Concept List ==

* कार्यद्रव्य (effect-substance)
* कारणान्तर (another cause)
* तदभाव (absence of that)
* अन्तः (internal)
* बहिः (external)
* अकाये (absence of effect)

== Subject–Verb–Object Triples ==

* कारणान्तर (another cause) – is indicated – अन्तर्बहिः कार्यद्रव्य (internal and external effect-substance)
* तदभाव (absence of that) – is established – अकाये (in the absence of effect)

== Triple Tables ==

=== Hindi ===

{| class="wikitable"
! विषय (S) !! संबंध (V) !! वस्तु (O)
|-
| कारणान्तर || संकेतित होता है || अन्तर्बहिः कार्यद्रव्य
|-
| तदभाव || स्थापित होता है || अकाये
|}

=== English ===

{| class="wikitable"
! Subject (S) !! Relation (V) !! Object (O)
|-
| another cause || is indicated || internal and external effect-substance
|-
| absence of that || is established || in the absence of effect
|}

== Translation/Explanation ==

=== Hindi ===

इस सूत्र में कहा गया है कि जब किसी कार्यद्रव्य (परिणामित द्रव्य) के अंदर और बाहर किसी अन्य कारण का उल्लेख किया जाता है, तो यदि कार्य (परिणाम) नहीं होता, तो उस अन्य कारण का भी अभाव सिद्ध होता है। अर्थात्, कार्य के न होने पर, जो अन्य कारण बताए गए हैं, वे भी उपस्थित नहीं माने जाते।

=== English ===

This sūtra states that when another cause is mentioned with respect to the internal and external aspects of an effect-substance, then, in the absence of the effect, the absence of that other cause is also established. In other words, if the effect does not occur, the other causes that are supposed to bring about the effect are also considered absent.

Sutra 4 2 21 - Revision history

imported>Vij: Added/updated by bot page Sutra_4_2_21