imported>Vij: Added/updated by bot page Sutra_2_2_2

2025-04-17T18:46:55Z

Added/updated by bot page Sutra_2_2_2

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== Sutra 2_2_2 ==
'''Original Text:'''
<pre>
शब्द ऐतिह्यानर्थान्तरभावादनुमानेऽर्थापत्तिसम्भवाभावानर्थान्तरभावाच्चाप्रतिषेधः
</pre>

== Word-by-Word Breakdown ==

{| class="wikitable"
! Sanskrit Term !! Transliteration !! Hindi Meaning !! English Meaning
|-
| शब्द || śabda || वचन – प्रमाण के रूप में शब्द || verbal testimony as a means of knowledge
|-
| ऐतिह्य || aitihya || परंपरागत कथा – लोक में प्रचलित कथन || hearsay; traditional report
|-
| अनर्थान्तरभावात् || anarthāntarabhāvāt || अन्य अर्थ का न होना – भिन्न अर्थ की अनुपस्थिति के कारण || due to absence of alternative meaning
|-
| अनुमाने || anumāne || अनुमान में – तर्क द्वारा ज्ञान || in inference; inferential knowledge
|-
| अर्थापत्ति || arthāpatti || अनिवार्य निष्कर्ष – अपरिहार्य अनुमान || postulation; presumption
|-
| सम्भव || sambhava || सम्भावना – संभवता या संभावना || possibility; probability
|-
| अभाव || abhāva || अभाव – किसी वस्तु का न होना || non-existence; absence
|-
| अनर्थान्तरभावात् || anarthāntarabhāvāt || अन्य अर्थ का न होना – भिन्न अर्थ की अनुपस्थिति के कारण || due to absence of alternative meaning
|-
| च || ca || और – संयोजन सूचक || and (conjunction)
|-
| अप्रतिषेधः || apratiṣedhaḥ || निषेध का अभाव – खंडन न होना || non-negation; absence of refutation
|}

== Concept List ==

* शब्द (verbal testimony)
* ऐतिह्य (hearsay)
* अनर्थान्तरभाव (absence of alternative meaning)
* अनुमान (inference)
* अर्थापत्ति (postulation)
* सम्भव (possibility)
* अभाव (absence)
* अप्रतिषेध (non-negation)

== Subject–Verb–Object Triples ==

* शब्द – is not refuted due to – absence of alternative meaning
* ऐतिह्य – is not refuted due to – absence of alternative meaning
* अनुमान – is not refuted due to – absence of alternative meaning
* अर्थापत्ति – is not refuted due to – absence of alternative meaning
* सम्भव – is not refuted due to – absence of alternative meaning
* अभाव – is not refuted due to – absence of alternative meaning

== Triple Tables ==

=== Hindi ===
{| class="wikitable"
! विषय (S) !! संबंध (V) !! वस्तु (O)
|-
| शब्द || निषेध नहीं किया जाता है क्योंकि || अन्य अर्थ की अनुपस्थिति
|-
| ऐतिह्य || निषेध नहीं किया जाता है क्योंकि || अन्य अर्थ की अनुपस्थिति
|-
| अनुमान || निषेध नहीं किया जाता है क्योंकि || अन्य अर्थ की अनुपस्थिति
|-
| अर्थापत्ति || निषेध नहीं किया जाता है क्योंकि || अन्य अर्थ की अनुपस्थिति
|-
| सम्भव || निषेध नहीं किया जाता है क्योंकि || अन्य अर्थ की अनुपस्थिति
|-
| अभाव || निषेध नहीं किया जाता है क्योंकि || अन्य अर्थ की अनुपस्थिति
|}

=== English ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Subject (S) !! Relation (V) !! Object (O)
|-
| Verbal testimony || is not refuted due to || absence of alternative meaning
|-
| Hearsay || is not refuted due to || absence of alternative meaning
|-
| Inference || is not refuted due to || absence of alternative meaning
|-
| Postulation || is not refuted due to || absence of alternative meaning
|-
| Possibility || is not refuted due to || absence of alternative meaning
|-
| Absence || is not refuted due to || absence of alternative meaning
|}

== Translation/Explanation ==

=== Hindi ===
इस सूत्र में कहा गया है कि शब्द (वचन), ऐतिह्य (परंपरागत कथा), अनुमान (तर्क), अर्थापत्ति (अनिवार्य निष्कर्ष), सम्भव (संभावना) और अभाव (अस्तित्व का न होना) – इन सभी प्रमाणों का निषेध (खंडन) नहीं किया जा सकता, क्योंकि इनके स्थान पर कोई अन्य अर्थ या विकल्प उपस्थित नहीं है। अर्थात्, जब तक किसी प्रमाण के स्थान पर कोई अन्य अर्थ या विकल्प संभव नहीं है, तब तक उसका निषेध नहीं किया जा सकता।

=== English ===
This sūtra states that verbal testimony, hearsay, inference, postulation, possibility, and absence—none of these means of knowledge can be refuted, because there is no alternative meaning or explanation available in their place. In other words, as long as there is no other possible alternative to these means, their validity cannot be denied.

Sutra 2 2 2 - Revision history

imported>Vij: Added/updated by bot page Sutra_2_2_2