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	<id>https://iks.bhu.edu.in/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Sutra_2_1_8</id>
	<title>Sutra 2 1 8 - Revision history</title>
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	<updated>2026-06-25T05:03:09Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
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	<entry>
		<id>https://iks.bhu.edu.in/index.php?title=Sutra_2_1_8&amp;diff=454&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>imported&gt;Gagan at 07:48, 29 April 2025</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://iks.bhu.edu.in/index.php?title=Sutra_2_1_8&amp;diff=454&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2025-04-29T07:48:20Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 13:18, 29 April 2025&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l69&quot;&gt;Line 69:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 69:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;This sūtra states that the validity of perception and other means of knowledge is not established unless they are verified in all three times—past, present, and future. In other words, if a means of knowledge cannot be confirmed across all temporal dimensions, its validity is not accepted.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;This sūtra states that the validity of perception and other means of knowledge is not established unless they are verified in all three times—past, present, and future. In other words, if a means of knowledge cannot be confirmed across all temporal dimensions, its validity is not accepted.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;----&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;==== &amp;lt;big&amp;gt;Edited Concept List&amp;lt;/big&amp;gt; ====&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;*प्रत्यक्ष (perception)&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;*प्रमाण (means of knowledge)&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* अप्रामाण्य (invalidity)&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>imported&gt;Gagan</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://iks.bhu.edu.in/index.php?title=Sutra_2_1_8&amp;diff=453&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>imported&gt;Vij: Added/updated by bot page Sutra_2_1_8</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://iks.bhu.edu.in/index.php?title=Sutra_2_1_8&amp;diff=453&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2025-04-17T18:28:40Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Added/updated by bot page Sutra_2_1_8&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
== Sutra 2_1_8 ==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Original Text:&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
प्रत्यक्षादीनामप्रामाण्यं त्रैकाल्यासिद्धेः&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Word-by-Word Breakdown ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! Sanskrit Term !! Transliteration !! Hindi Meaning !! English Meaning&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| प्रत्यक्षादीनाम् || pratyakṣādīnām || प्रत्यक्ष आदि प्रमाणों के || of perception and other means of knowledge&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| अप्रामाण्यम् || aprāmāṇyam || प्रमाणता का अभाव || invalidity as means of knowledge&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| त्रैकाल्य || traikālya || तीनों काल (भूत, वर्तमान, भविष्य) || three times (past, present, future)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| असिद्धेः || asiddheḥ || सिद्धि न होने के कारण || due to non-establishment&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Concept List ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* प्रत्यक्ष (perception)&lt;br /&gt;
* प्रमाण (means of knowledge)&lt;br /&gt;
* अप्रामाण्य (invalidity)&lt;br /&gt;
* त्रैकाल्य (three times: past, present, future)&lt;br /&gt;
* सिद्धि (establishment)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Subject–Verb–Object Triples ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* प्रत्यक्षादि प्रमाण – lose – प्रमाणता&lt;br /&gt;
* प्रमाणता – depend on – त्रैकाल्य सिद्धि&lt;br /&gt;
* त्रैकाल्य सिद्धि – is absent – प्रत्यक्षादि प्रमाण&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Triple Tables ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Hindi ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! विषय (S) !! संबंध (V) !! वस्तु (O)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| प्रत्यक्षादि प्रमाण || प्रमाणता खोते हैं || प्रमाणता&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| प्रमाणता || निर्भर करती है || त्रैकाल्य सिद्धि&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| त्रैकाल्य सिद्धि || अनुपस्थित है || प्रत्यक्षादि प्रमाण&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== English ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! Subject (S) !! Relation (V) !! Object (O)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Perception and other means of knowledge || lose || validity&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Validity || depends on || establishment in all three times&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Establishment in all three times || is absent in || perception and other means of knowledge&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Translation/Explanation ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Hindi ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
यह सूत्र कहता है कि प्रत्यक्ष आदि प्रमाणों की प्रमाणता तब तक सिद्ध नहीं मानी जाती, जब तक वे तीनों काल (भूत, वर्तमान, भविष्य) में सिद्ध न हों। अर्थात्, यदि कोई प्रमाण तीनों कालों में सत्यापित नहीं होता, तो उसकी प्रमाणता स्वीकार नहीं की जा सकती।&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== English ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This sūtra states that the validity of perception and other means of knowledge is not established unless they are verified in all three times—past, present, and future. In other words, if a means of knowledge cannot be confirmed across all temporal dimensions, its validity is not accepted.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>imported&gt;Vij</name></author>
	</entry>
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