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	<id>https://iks.bhu.edu.in/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Sutra_2_1_32</id>
	<title>Sutra 2 1 32 - Revision history</title>
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	<updated>2026-06-24T06:00:51Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
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	<entry>
		<id>https://iks.bhu.edu.in/index.php?title=Sutra_2_1_32&amp;diff=502&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>imported&gt;Gagan at 10:06, 15 May 2025</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://iks.bhu.edu.in/index.php?title=Sutra_2_1_32&amp;diff=502&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2025-05-15T10:06:17Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 15:36, 15 May 2025&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l59&quot;&gt;Line 59:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 59:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=== English ===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=== English ===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;This sūtra states that perception does not yield cognition of an object, even to any extent. In other words, through perception, apprehension of that object does not occur, regardless of the degree or extent considered.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;This sūtra states that perception does not yield cognition of an object, even to any extent. In other words, through perception, apprehension of that object does not occur, regardless of the degree or extent considered.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;----&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;==== &amp;lt;big&amp;gt;Edited Concept List&amp;lt;/big&amp;gt; ====&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;*प्रत्यक्ष (Perception)&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;

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		<author><name>imported&gt;Gagan</name></author>
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	<entry>
		<id>https://iks.bhu.edu.in/index.php?title=Sutra_2_1_32&amp;diff=501&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>imported&gt;Vij: Added/updated by bot page Sutra_2_1_32</title>
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		<updated>2025-04-17T18:36:20Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Added/updated by bot page Sutra_2_1_32&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
== Sutra 2_1_32 ==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Original Text:&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
न प्रत्यक्षेण यावत्तावदप्युपलम्भात्&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Word-by-Word Breakdown ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! Sanskrit Term !! Transliteration !! Hindi Meaning !! English Meaning&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| न || na || नहीं – निषेध का बोध || not – negation&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| प्रत्यक्षेण || pratyakṣeṇa || प्रत्यक्ष ज्ञान के द्वारा – इन्द्रियजन्य प्रत्यक्ष ज्ञान || by perception – knowledge arising from direct sensory cognition&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| यावत्-तावत्-अपि || yāvat-tāvat-api || जितना-उतना-भी – किसी सीमा तक भी || even to that extent – to any degree or extent&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| उपलम्भात् || upalambhāt || प्राप्ति से – अनुभव या ज्ञान के कारण || from apprehension – from cognition or obtaining&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Concept List ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* प्रत्यक्ष (Perception)&lt;br /&gt;
* उपलम्भ (Cognition/Apprehension)&lt;br /&gt;
* निषेध (Negation)&lt;br /&gt;
* सीमा (Extent)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Subject–Verb–Object Triples ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* प्रत्यक्ष – उत्पन्न नहीं करता – उपलम्भ (Perception – does not produce – cognition)&lt;br /&gt;
* उपलम्भ – सीमित नहीं होता – सीमा (Cognition – is not limited – extent)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Triple Tables ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Hindi ===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! विषय (S) !! संबंध (V) !! वस्तु (O)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| प्रत्यक्ष || उत्पन्न नहीं करता || उपलम्भ&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| उपलम्भ || सीमित नहीं होता || सीमा&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== English ===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! Subject (S) !! Relation (V) !! Object (O)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Perception || does not produce || cognition&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Cognition || is not limited || extent&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Translation/Explanation ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Hindi ===&lt;br /&gt;
यह सूत्र कहता है कि प्रत्यक्ष ज्ञान के द्वारा किसी वस्तु की जितनी भी सीमा तक ज्ञान संभव है, उतनी भी प्राप्ति नहीं होती। अर्थात्, प्रत्यक्ष के माध्यम से उस वस्तु का ज्ञान नहीं होता, चाहे वह किसी भी सीमा तक क्यों न हो।&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== English ===&lt;br /&gt;
This sūtra states that perception does not yield cognition of an object, even to any extent. In other words, through perception, apprehension of that object does not occur, regardless of the degree or extent considered.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>imported&gt;Vij</name></author>
	</entry>
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