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	<id>https://iks.bhu.edu.in/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Sutra_2_1_16</id>
	<title>Sutra 2 1 16 - Revision history</title>
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	<updated>2026-06-24T13:38:04Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
	<generator>MediaWiki 1.44.3</generator>
	<entry>
		<id>https://iks.bhu.edu.in/index.php?title=Sutra_2_1_16&amp;diff=470&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>imported&gt;Gagan at 07:38, 30 April 2025</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://iks.bhu.edu.in/index.php?title=Sutra_2_1_16&amp;diff=470&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2025-04-30T07:38:58Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 13:08, 30 April 2025&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l56&quot;&gt;Line 56:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 56:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=== English ===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=== English ===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;This sūtra states that just as the validity of knowledge is established by means of pramāṇa (valid means of knowledge), so too are the objects of valid cognition (prameya) established through comparison (tulā). In other words, the ascertainment of prameyas is accomplished by comparison, analogous to how validity is determined.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;This sūtra states that just as the validity of knowledge is established by means of pramāṇa (valid means of knowledge), so too are the objects of valid cognition (prameya) established through comparison (tulā). In other words, the ascertainment of prameyas is accomplished by comparison, analogous to how validity is determined.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;----&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;==== &amp;lt;big&amp;gt;Edited Concept List&amp;lt;/big&amp;gt; ====&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* प्रमेय (objects of valid cognition)&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* प्रामाण्य (like validity of knowledge)&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>imported&gt;Gagan</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://iks.bhu.edu.in/index.php?title=Sutra_2_1_16&amp;diff=469&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>imported&gt;Vij: Added/updated by bot page Sutra_2_1_16</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://iks.bhu.edu.in/index.php?title=Sutra_2_1_16&amp;diff=469&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2025-04-17T18:30:50Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Added/updated by bot page Sutra_2_1_16&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
== Sutra 2_1_16 ==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Original Text:&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
प्रमेया च तुला प्रामाण्यवत्&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Word-by-Word Breakdown ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! Sanskrit Term !! Transliteration !! Hindi Meaning !! English Meaning&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| प्रमेया || prameyā || जिनका ज्ञान प्रमाण द्वारा होता है || objects of valid cognition&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| च || ca || और || and&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| तुला || tulā || तुलना || comparison&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| प्रामाण्यवत् || prāmāṇyavat || प्रमाणता के समान || like validity (of knowledge)&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Concept List ==&lt;br /&gt;
* प्रमेया (objects of valid cognition)&lt;br /&gt;
* तुला (comparison)&lt;br /&gt;
* प्रामाण्यवत् (like validity of knowledge)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Subject–Verb–Object Triples ==&lt;br /&gt;
* प्रमेया – are established by – comparison&lt;br /&gt;
* comparison – is analogous to – validity of knowledge&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Triple Tables ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Hindi ===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! विषय (S) !! संबंध (V) !! वस्तु (O)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| प्रमेया || तुला द्वारा स्थापित होते हैं || &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| तुला || प्रमाणता के समान है || &lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== English ===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! Subject (S) !! Relation (V) !! Object (O)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| objects of valid cognition || are established by || comparison&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| comparison || is analogous to || validity of knowledge&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Translation/Explanation ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Hindi ===&lt;br /&gt;
इस सूत्र में कहा गया है कि जैसे ज्ञान की प्रमाणता (प्रामाण्य) प्रमाण द्वारा सिद्ध होती है, वैसे ही प्रमेय (जानने योग्य वस्तुएँ) भी तुलना (तुला) के माध्यम से प्रमाणित होती हैं। अर्थात्, प्रमेयों की स्थापना तुला के द्वारा उसी प्रकार होती है जैसे प्रमाण की प्रमाणता सिद्ध होती है।&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== English ===&lt;br /&gt;
This sūtra states that just as the validity of knowledge is established by means of pramāṇa (valid means of knowledge), so too are the objects of valid cognition (prameya) established through comparison (tulā). In other words, the ascertainment of prameyas is accomplished by comparison, analogous to how validity is determined.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>imported&gt;Vij</name></author>
	</entry>
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