imported>Gagan at 11:52, 28 April 2025

2025-04-28T11:52:34Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:22, 28 April 2025
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	=== English ===		=== English ===
	This sūtra states that the determination of a genus (jāti) is made through similarity and dissimilarity. In other words, by observing common and distinguishing features among objects, we can establish which universal class or genus they belong to. This provides the logical basis for defining and identifying a genus in Nyāya philosophy.		This sūtra states that the determination of a genus (jāti) is made through similarity and dissimilarity. In other words, by observing common and distinguishing features among objects, we can establish which universal class or genus they belong to. This provides the logical basis for defining and identifying a genus in Nyāya philosophy.
			----

			==== <big>Edited Concept List</big> ====

			* प्रत्यवस्थान (Fixation/Determination)
			* जाति (Genus/Universal)

imported>Vij: Added/updated by bot page Sutra_1_2_18

2025-04-17T18:25:54Z

Added/updated by bot page Sutra_1_2_18

New page

== Sutra 1_2_18 ==
'''Original Text:'''
<pre>
साधर्म्यवैधर्म्याभ्यां प्रत्यवस्थानं जातिः
</pre>

== Word-by-Word Breakdown ==

{| class="wikitable"
! Sanskrit Term !! Transliteration !! Hindi Meaning !! English Meaning
|-
| साधर्म्य || sādharmya || समानता – वस्तुओं में समान गुण या विशेषता || Similarity – possession of common attribute(s)
|-
| वैधर्म्य || vaidharmya || भिन्नता – वस्तुओं में असमानता या भिन्न गुण || Dissimilarity – possession of differing attribute(s)
|-
| अभ्यां || abhyām || इन दोनों से – इन दो (समानता और भिन्नता) के द्वारा || By these two – by similarity and dissimilarity
|-
| प्रत्यवस्थानम् || pratyavasthānam || स्थिरता – किसी विशेषता में ठहराव या स्थिति || Fixation – determination or establishment
|-
| जातिः || jātiḥ || सामान्य – वर्ग या समूह जिसमें कई वस्तुएँ सम्मिलित होती हैं || Genus – universal class or kind
|}

== Concept List ==
* साधर्म्य (Similarity)
* वैधर्म्य (Dissimilarity)
* प्रत्यवस्थान (Fixation/Determination)
* जाति (Genus/Universal)

== Subject–Verb–Object Triples ==
* Similarity and Dissimilarity – establish – Genus

== Triple Tables ==

=== Hindi ===
{| class="wikitable"
! विषय (S) !! संबंध (V) !! वस्तु (O)
|-
| समानता और भिन्नता || स्थिर करते हैं || सामान्य
|}

=== English ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Subject (S) !! Relation (V) !! Object (O)
|-
| Similarity and Dissimilarity || establish || Genus
|}

== Translation/Explanation ==

=== Hindi ===
इस सूत्र में कहा गया है कि समानता और भिन्नता के आधार पर किसी सामान्य (जाति) की स्थिरता या निर्धारण होता है। अर्थात्, जब हम वस्तुओं में समान गुण और भिन्न गुण देखते हैं, तब हम यह निश्चित कर सकते हैं कि वे किस वर्ग या जाति में आती हैं। यह जाति की परिभाषा और उसके निर्धारण का तर्क है।

=== English ===
This sūtra states that the determination of a genus (jāti) is made through similarity and dissimilarity. In other words, by observing common and distinguishing features among objects, we can establish which universal class or genus they belong to. This provides the logical basis for defining and identifying a genus in Nyāya philosophy.

Sutra 1 2 18 - Revision history

imported>Gagan at 11:52, 28 April 2025

imported>Vij: Added/updated by bot page Sutra_1_2_18