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== Sloka 228 ==

=== Sloka (श्लोक) ===

<pre>
मृत्कार्यभूतोऽपि मृदो न भिन्नः
कुम्भोऽस्ति सर्वत्र तु मृत्स्वरूपात् ।
न कुम्भरूपं पृथगस्ति कुम्भः
कुतो मृषा कल्पितनाममात्रः ॥ २२८ ॥
</pre>

=== पदच्छेद / Padaccheda ===
मृत्-कार्य-भूतः अपि मृदः न भिन्नः
कुम्भः अस्ति सर्वत्र तु मृत्-स्वरूपात् ।
न कुम्भ-रूपं पृथक् अस्ति कुम्भः
कुतः मृषा कल्पित-नाम-मात्रः ॥ २२८ ॥

=== Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण) ===
mṛt-kārya-bhūto'pi mṛdo na bhinnaḥ
kumbho'sti sarvatra tu mṛt-svarūpāt |
na kumbha-rūpaṁ pṛthag asti kumbhaḥ
kuto mṛṣā kalpita-nāma-mātraḥ || 228 ||

=== Translation (अनुवाद) ===
A pot, though a formed object made of clay, is not separate from clay itself; it exists everywhere as clay. The pot's form does not exist independently; hence, it is a merely imagined name.

=== Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ) ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Sanskrit (संस्कृत) !! English Meaning (अर्थ) !! Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
|-
| मृत्-कार्य-भूतः (mṛt-kārya-bhūtaḥ) || formed object made of clay || मिट्टी से बना हुआ कार्य
|-
| अपि (api) || though || यद्यपि
|-
| मृदः (mṛdaḥ) || from clay || मिट्टी से
|-
| न (na) || not || नहीं
|-
| भिन्नः (bhinnaḥ) || separate || भिन्न
|-
| कुम्भः (kumbhaḥ) || pot || घड़ा
|-
| अस्ति (asti) || is || है
|-
| सर्वत्र (sarvatra) || everywhere || सर्वत्र
|-
| तु (tu) || but || परंतु
|-
| मृत्-स्वरूपात् (mṛt-svarūpāt) || as the essence of clay || मिट्टी के स्वरूप के रूप में
|-
| न (na) || not || नहीं
|-
| कुम्भ-रूपं (kumbha-rūpaṁ) || pot's form || घड़े का रूप
|-
| पृथक् (pṛthak) || separate || अलग
|-
| अस्ति (asti) || exists || है
|-
| कुतः (kutaḥ) || hence || इसलिए
|-
| मृषा (mṛṣā) || merely || मात्र
|-
| कल्पित-नाम-मात्रः (kalpita-nāma-mātraḥ) || imagined name || कल्पित नाम मात्र
|}

=== कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+ कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
! कर्ता (Subject) !! क्रिया (Verb) !! विधान (Object) !! अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation !! हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
|-
| कुम्भः || न भिन्नः || मृदः || The pot is not separate from clay. || घड़ा मिट्टी से भिन्न नहीं है।
|-
| कुम्भः || अस्ति || मृत्-स्वरूपात् || The pot exists as the essence of clay. || घड़ा मिट्टी के स्वरूप के रूप में है।
|-
| कुम्भ-रूपम् || न अस्ति || पृथक् || The pot's form does not exist separately. || घड़े का रूप अलग से अस्तित्व में नहीं है।
|-
| कुम्भः || कल्पितः || नाम-मात्रः || The pot is a merely imagined name. || घड़ा केवल एक कल्पित नाम है।
|}

=== Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ) ===
* [[advaita|advaita (अद्वैत)]]
* [[mṛttikā|mṛttikā (मृत्तिका)]]
* [[nāma-rūpa|nāma-rūpa (नाम-रूप)]]
* [[mithyā|mithyā (मिथ्या)]]

=== Categories (वर्गीकरण) ===
* Non-duality
* Illusion
* Identity

=== Commentary (टीका) ===
This sloka expounds on the *advaitic* philosophy, asserting that objects like the pot are only apparent forms and do not have independent reality apart from their material cause, which is clay in this instance. The pot exhibits *nāma-rūpa* (name and form) but lacks true substance separate from clay. This underscores the teaching that the manifested world is ultimately *mithyā* ("false" or illusory) and that true knowledge is recognizing the oneness beneath apparent multiplicity. The concept is used to illustrate the illusion of separateness that *advaita* negates, guiding us towards identifying with the unified reality (Brahman) rather than the fleeting forms.

'''

Sloka 228 - Revision history

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