imported>Vij: Added sloka content

2025-12-03T04:16:00Z

Added sloka content

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== Sloka 2.15 ==

=== Sloka (श्लोक) ===

<pre>
यं हि न व्यथयन्त्येते पुरुषं पुरुषर्षभ।
समदुःखसुखं धीरं सोऽमृतत्वाय कल्पते।।2.15।।
</pre>

=== पदच्छेद / Padaccheda ===
यं हि न व्यथयन्ति एते पुरुषं पुरुषर्षभ
समदुःखसुखं धीरं सः अमृतत्वाय कल्पते

=== Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण) ===
yaṁ hi na vyathayantyete puruṣaṁ puruṣarṣabha
sama-duḥkha-sukhaṁ dhīram so'mṛtatvāya kalpate

=== Translation (अनुवाद) ===
O best among men, that person whom these dualities (of pleasure and pain) do not afflict, who is steady and the same in both happiness and distress, becomes eligible for liberation or immortality.

=== Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ) ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Sanskrit (संस्कृत) !! English Meaning (अर्थ) !! Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
|-
| यम् (yam) || whom || जिसे
|-
| हि (hi) || indeed || निश्चय ही
|-
| न (na) || not || नहीं
|-
| व्यथयन्ति (vyathayanti) || afflict || पीड़ित करते
|-
| एते (ete) || these || ये
|-
| पुरुषं (puruṣam) || person || मनुष्य को
|-
| पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) || O best among men || हे मनुष्य श्रेष्ठ
|-
| समदुःखसुखं (sama-duḥkha-sukhaṁ) || same in sorrow and happiness || सुख-दुःख में सम
|-
| धीरं (dhīram) || firm || धीर
|-
| सः (saḥ) || he || वह
|-
| अमृतत्वाय (amṛtatvāya) || for immortality || अमरत्व के लिए
|-
| कल्पते (kalpate) || becomes eligible || योग्य हो जाता है
|}

=== कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+ कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
! कर्ता (Subject) !! क्रिया (Verb) !! विधान (Object) !! अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation !! हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
|-
| एते (these) || न व्यथयन्ति (do not afflict) || यं पुरुषं (whom person) || These do not afflict any person whom || ये किसी व्यक्ति को पीड़ित नहीं करते जिसे ...
|-
| सः (he) || कल्पते (becomes) || अमृतत्वाय (for immortality) || He becomes fit for immortality || वह अमरत्व के लिए योग्य हो जाता है
|}

=== Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ) ===
* [[puruṣarṣabha|puruṣarṣabha (पुरुषर्षभ) - best among men]]
* [[sama-duḥkha-sukha|sama-duḥkha-sukha (समदुःखसुख) - equanimity in happiness and distress]]
* [[dhīram|dhīram (धीरं) - steadiness, firmness]]
* [[amṛtatva|amṛtatva (अमृतत्व) - immortality]]

=== Categories (वर्गीकरण) ===
* Attaining Self-realization
* Equanimity and Its Role in Liberation

=== Commentary (टीका) ===
The sloka discusses the characteristic of an individual who is not perturbed by the dualities of pleasure and pain. It establishes that someone with equanimity, i.e., who is steady in happiness as well as in distress, is considered wise and is thus eligible for immortality.

Swami Sivananda's commentary emphasizes *titikṣā* (endurance) as essential for developing willpower—a key trait on the path of *jñāna yoga* (path of knowledge). Such endurance leads to the ability to remain unaffected by dualities. Swami Ramsukhdas suggests that the perception of pleasure and pain comes from the mind's tendencies, and through wisdom, one can transcend these dual conditioning. Identification with our true Self, which is beyond physical experiences, prepares an individual for liberation or *mokṣa*.

The sloka serves to reinforce the idea of transcendence through stability of mind and spirit, signifying the importance of maintaining equanimity amidst life’s dualities to achieve eternal peace or enlightenment.

Sbg2.15 - Revision history

imported>Vij: Added sloka content