imported>Vij: Added sloka content

2025-12-03T04:12:22Z

Added sloka content

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== Sloka 2.1 ==

=== Sloka (श्लोक) ===

<pre>
सञ्जय उवाच
तं तथा कृपयाऽविष्टमश्रुपूर्णाकुलेक्षणम्।
विषीदन्तमिदं वाक्यमुवाच मधुसूदनः।।2.1।।
</pre>

=== पदच्छेद / Padaccheda ===
सञ्जयः उवाच
तं तथा कृपया आविष्टम् अश्रु पूर्णअकुल-इक्षणम्
विषीदन्तम् इदम् वाक्यम् उवाच मधुसूदनः

=== Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण) ===
sañjayaḥ uvāca
taṁ tathā kṛpayā'viṣṭam aśru-pūrṇākula-īkṣaṇam
viṣīdantam idaṁ vākyam uvāca madhusūdanaḥ

=== Translation (अनुवाद) ===
Sanjaya said: "To him who was thus overwhelmed with compassion, whose eyes were filled with tears and agitated, Madhusudana (Krishna) spoke these words to the despondent Arjuna."

=== Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ) ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Sanskrit (संस्कृत) !! English Meaning (अर्थ) !! Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
|-
| सञ्जयः || Sanjaya || सञ्जय
|-
| उवाच || said || ने कहा
|-
| तं || to him || उसे
|-
| तथा || thus || इस प्रकार
|-
| कृपया || with compassion || करुणा से
|-
| आविष्टम् || overwhelmed || ग्रस्त
|-
| अश्रु || tears || आँसू
|-
| पूर्ण || filled with || भरे हुए
|-
| अकुल || agitated || व्याकुल
|-
| इक्षणम् || eyes || आँखें
|-
| विषीदन्तम् || despondent || निराश
|-
| इदम् || these || यह
|-
| वाक्यम् || words || वचन
|-
| उवाच || spoke || कहा
|-
| मधुसूदनः || Madhusudana (Krishna) || मधुसूदन (कृष्ण)
|}

=== कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+ कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
! कर्ता (Subject) !! क्रिया (Verb) !! विधान (Object) !! अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation !! हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
|-
| मधुसूदनः (Krishna) || उवाच (spoke) || वाक्यम् (words) || Krishna spoke words || कृष्ण ने वचन कहा
|-
| सञ्जयः (Sanjaya) || उवाच (said) || इदम् (this) || Sanjaya said this || सञ्जय ने कहा
|}

=== Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ) ===
* [[kṛpayā|kṛpayā (कृपा)]]
* [[viṣāda|viṣāda (विषाद)]]
* [[aśru-pūrṇa|aśru-pūrṇa (अश्रुपूर्ण)]]
* [[madhusūdana|madhusūdana (मधुसूदन)]]

=== Categories (वर्गीकरण) ===
* Describing a Character's Emotion
* Introduction to a Dialogue
* Compassion as a Theme

=== Commentary (टीका) ===
In this sloka, Sanjaya describes Arjuna’s emotional state to Dhritarashtra. Arjuna is overwhelmed by *kṛpayā* (compassion); his heart is heavy, causing him to become *viṣīdantam* (despondent and sorrowful). His eyes are filled with tears (*aśru-pūrṇa*), indicating an internal turmoil precipitated by viewing his kinsmen in battle. This demonstrates the compassion a warrior like Arjuna holds even amid chaos, reflecting his doubt and inner conflict.

Krishna, known here as *madhusūdana* (the slayer of the demon Madhu), addresses Arjuna. This epithet underscores Krishna’s compassionate role as a guru to remove Arjuna’s internal demons of doubt and despair. Sanjaya’s narration transitions the focus from Arjuna’s emotional exterior to Krishna’s forthcoming guidance. This serves as a prelude to the discourse, setting the stage for Krishna’s teachings aimed at overcoming emotional turmoil and embracing one's duty or *dharma*.

The word choice in the sloka, especially *kṛpayā’viṣṭam* by Sanjaya, reveals Arjuna's human vulnerability, contrasting sharply with his earlier warrior spirit. Sanjaya notes the irony of Arjuna’s emotional collapse, which Krishna intends to address in his subsequent teachings.

Sbg2.1 - Revision history

imported>Vij: Added sloka content