View source for Sutra 2 1 66


== Sutra 2_1_66 ==
'''Original Text:'''
<pre>
नानुवादपुनरुक्तयोर्विशेषः शब्दाभ्यासोपपत्तेः
</pre>

== Word-by-Word Breakdown ==

{| class="wikitable"
! Sanskrit Term !! Transliteration !! Hindi Meaning !! English Meaning
|-
| न || na || नहीं – अभाव या निषेध का बोध || not; negation
|-
| अनुवाद || anuvāda || पुनः कथन – पहले कही बात को फिर से कहना || repetition (of what was said before)
|-
| पुनरुक्तयोः || punaruktayoḥ || पुनः उच्चारण के दोनों – दोहराव के दोनों रूपों का || of repetition (in both senses)
|-
| विशेषः || viśeṣaḥ || भिन्नता – अलग होने की स्थिति || distinction; difference
|-
| शब्दाभ्यास || śabdābhyāsa || शब्दों का अभ्यास – शब्दों का पुनः प्रयोग || repetition of words
|-
| उपपत्तेः || upapatteḥ || औचित्य के कारण – तर्कसंगत होने के कारण || because of justification; due to logical reason
|}

== Concept List ==

* अनुवाद (repetition of what was said before)
* पुनरुक्ति (repetition; redundancy)
* विशेष (distinction)
* शब्दाभ्यास (repetition of words)
* उपपत्ति (justification; logical reason)

== Subject–Verb–Object Triples ==

* पुनरुक्ति – does not have – विशेष
* अनुवाद – does not have – विशेष
* शब्दाभ्यास – provides justification for – पुनरुक्ति

== Triple Tables ==

=== Hindi ===

{| class="wikitable"
! विषय (S) !! संबंध (V) !! वस्तु (O)
|-
| पुनरुक्ति || नहीं है || विशेष
|-
| अनुवाद || नहीं है || विशेष
|-
| शब्दाभ्यास || औचित्य प्रदान करता है || पुनरुक्ति
|}

=== English ===

{| class="wikitable"
! Subject (S) !! Relation (V) !! Object (O)
|-
| Repetition (punarukti) || does not have || distinction
|-
| Repetition of what was said before (anuvāda) || does not have || distinction
|-
| Repetition of words (śabdābhyāsa) || provides justification for || repetition (punarukti)
|}

== Translation/Explanation ==

=== Hindi ===
इस सूत्र में कहा गया है कि ‘अनुवाद’ और ‘पुनरुक्ति’ में कोई विशेष भिन्नता नहीं है, क्योंकि दोनों में शब्दों का पुनः प्रयोग तर्कसंगत होता है। अर्थात्, जब किसी बात को फिर से कहा जाता है या शब्दों की पुनरावृत्ति होती है, तो उसमें कोई वास्तविक भेद नहीं है; दोनों ही शब्दाभ्यास के कारण उचित माने जाते हैं।

=== English ===
This sūtra states that there is no real distinction between ‘anuvāda’ (repetition of what was said before) and ‘punarukti’ (repetition or redundancy), because in both cases, the repetition of words is logically justified. That is, whether something is restated or words are repeated, both are considered valid due to the justification provided by word repetition.
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