View source for Sloka 4


== Sloka 4 ==


=== Sloka (श्लोक) ===

<pre>
लब्ध्वा कथंचिन्नरजन्म दुर्लभं
तत्रापि पुंस्त्वं श्रुतिपारदर्शनम् ।
यस्त्वात्ममुक्तौ न यतेत मूढधीः
स ह्यात्महा स्वं विनिहन्त्यसद्ग्रहात् ॥ ४ ॥
</pre>

=== पदच्छेद / Padaccheda ===
लब्ध्वा\
कथंचित्\
नरजन्म\
दुर्लभम्\
तत्र\
अपि\
पुंस्त्वम्\
श्रुतिपारदर्शनम्\
यः\
तु\
आत्म-मुक्तौ\
न\
यतेत\
मूढधीः\
सः\
हि\
आत्महा\
स्वम्\
विनिहन्ति\
असद्ग्रहात्

=== Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण) ===
labdhvā kathaṁcin narajanma durlabham\
tatrāpi puṁstvaṁ śruti-pāra-darśanam |\
yastvātma-muktau na yateta mūḍha-dhīḥ\
sa hyātmahā svaṁ vinihanty asadgrahāt || 4 ||

=== Translation (अनुवाद) ===
Having somehow obtained the rare human birth, manhood, and the ability to discern the essence of the scriptures, if one does not strive for self-liberation, being deluded, one destroys oneself by holding onto the unreal.

=== Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ) ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Sanskrit (संस्कृत) !! English Meaning (अर्थ) !! Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
|-
| लब्ध्वा (labdhvā) || having obtained || प्राप्त करके
|-
| कथंचित् (kathaṁcit) || somehow || किसी प्रकार
|-
| नरजन्म (narajanma) || human birth || मनुष्य जन्म
|-
| दुर्लभम् (durlabham) || rare || दुर्लभ
|-
| तत्र (tatra) || there || वहाँ
|-
| अपि (api) || even || भी
|-
| पुंस्त्वम् (puṁstvaṁ) || manhood || पुरुषत्व
|-
| श्रुति-पार-दर्शनम् (śruti-pāra-darśanam) || ability to understand the essence of the scriptures || श्रुतियों के पार का दर्शन
|-
| यः (yaḥ) || who || जो
|-
| तु (tu) || indeed || वास्तव में
|-
| आत्म-मुक्तौ (ātma-muktau) || for self-liberation || आत्म-मुक्ति के लिए
|-
| न (na) || not || नहीं
|-
| यतेत (yateta) || strive || प्रयास करे
|-
| मूढधीः (mūḍha-dhīḥ) || deluded mind || मूढ़ बुद्धि
|-
| सः (saḥ) || he || वह
|-
| हि (hi) || indeed || निश्चय ही
|-
| आत्महा (ātmahā) || self-destroyer || आत्मघाती
|-
| स्वम् (svam) || oneself || स्वयं को
|-
| विनिहन्ति (vinihanti) || destroys || नष्ट करता है
|-
| असद्ग्रहात् (asadgrahāt) || by holding onto the unreal || असत्य ग्रहण के कारण
|}

=== कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+ कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
! कर्ता (Subject) !! क्रिया (Verb) !! विधान (Object) !! अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation !! हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
|-
| यः || न यतेत || आत्म-मुक्तौ || He who does not strive for self-liberation || जो आत्म-मुक्ति के लिए प्रयास नहीं करता
|-
| सः || विनिहन्ति || स्वम् || He destroys himself || वह स्वयं को नष्ट करता है
|-
| मूढधीः || विनिहन्ति || स्वम् || The deluded destroys himself || मूढ़ बुद्धि स्वयं को नष्ट करती है
|}

=== Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ) ===
* [[nara-janma|nara-janma (नरजन्म)]]
* [[ātma-mukti|ātma-mukti (आत्म-मुक्ति)]]
* [[mūḍha-dhī|mūḍha-dhī (मूढधी)]]
* [[asad-graha|asad-graha (असद्ग्रह)]]

=== Categories (वर्गीकरण) ===
* Self-realization
* Human Birth Rarity
* Spiritual Ignorance

=== Commentary (टीका) ===
This verse vividly expresses the preciousness and rarity of human birth, manhood, and intellectual discernment of the *śrutis* (scriptures). It serves as a reminder of the unique opportunity that life presents for attaining *ātma-mukti* (self-liberation). The use of terms such as *ātmahā* (self-destroyer) highlights the severity of not utilizing this chance due to ignorance or adherence to unreal pursuits. The verse stresses the importance of spiritual pursuit over mundane, non-essential attachments, urging one to strive for liberation and not squander the human potential.

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