View source for Sbg5.4


== Sloka 5.4 ==

Below is the analysis of the given sloka from the Bhagavad Gita, Chapter 5, Verse 4, as well as the commentary provided:

=== Sloka (श्लोक) ===

<pre>
सांख्ययोगौ पृथग्बालाः प्रवदन्ति न पण्डिताः।
एकमप्यास्थितः सम्यगुभयोर्विन्दते फलम्।।5.4।।
</pre>

=== पदच्छेद / Padaccheda ===
सांख्य-योगौ | पृथक् | बालाः | प्रवदन्ति | न | पण्डिताः |
एकम् | अपि | आस्थितः | सम्यक् | उभयोः | विन्दते | फलम्

=== Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण) ===
sāṅkhya-yogau pṛthag-bālāḥ pravadanti na paṇḍitāḥ। ekam apy āsthitaḥ samyag ubhayor vindate phalam।।5.4।।

=== Translation (अनुवाद) ===
Ignorant people believe that the sāṅkhya (knowledge) and yoga (action) are distinct from one another, but not the wise. He who truly follows just one path properly, reaches the goal of both.

=== Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ) ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Sanskrit (संस्कृत) !! English Meaning (अर्थ) !! Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
|-
| सांख्य-योगौ || sāṅkhya-yogau (knowledge and yoga of action) || सांख्य योग और कर्म योग
|-
| पृथक् || pṛthak (distinct) || अलग
|-
| बालाः || bālāḥ (children; ignorant people) || बालक; अज्ञानी जन
|-
| प्रवदन्ति || pravadanti (proclaim) || कहते हैं
|-
| न || na (not) || नहीं
|-
| पण्डिताः || paṇḍitāḥ (wise ones) || पण्डित; बुद्धिमान
|-
| एकम् || ekam (one) || एक
|-
| अपि || api (even) || भी
|-
| आस्थितः || āsthitaḥ (established in) || स्थित
|-
| सम्यक् || samyak (properly) || ठीक प्रकार से
|-
| उभयोः || ubhayoḥ (of both) || दोनों का
|-
| विन्दते || vindate (obtains) || प्राप्त करता है
|-
| फलम् || phalam (fruit; result) || फल
|}

=== कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+ कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
! कर्ता (Subject) !! क्रिया (Verb) !! विधान (Object) !! अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation !! हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
|-
| बालाः || प्रवदन्ति || सांख्ययोगौ पृथक् || Ignorants say sāṅkhya and yoga are different || अज्ञानी जन कहते हैं कि सांख्य और योग अलग-अलग हैं
|-
| पण्डिताः || न प्रवदन्ति || सांख्ययोगौ पृथक् || The wise do not say sāṅkhya and yoga are different || बुद्धिमान लोग नहीं कहते कि सांख्य और योग अलग-अलग हैं
|-
| एकम् आस्थितः || विन्दते || उभयोः फलम् || He who follows one gets the results of both || जो एक पथ का अनुसरण करता है, वह दोनों के फल प्राप्त करता है
|}

=== Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ) ===
* [[sāṅkhya|sāṅkhya (सांख्य)]]
* [[yoga|yoga (योग)]]
* [[moksha|moksha (मोक्ष)]]
* [[paṇḍitāḥ|paṇḍitāḥ (पण्डितः)]]

=== Categories (वर्गीकरण) ===
* Teaching of synthesis (of knowledge and action)
* Distinguishing wisdom from ignorance
* Paths to liberation

=== Commentary (टीका) ===
In this verse, Śrī Kṛṣṇa narrates the integral relationship between *sāṅkhya* (knowledge) and *yoga* (action). The ignorant who do not have true insight proclaim them as distinct paths leading separately towards liberation. However, the wise understand the synthesis of both as paths that lead to the same ultimate goal, that is *moksha* (liberation). An individual established fully in either one path gains the results of both, highlighting the unity and non-duality between knowledge and action when performed with wisdom.

The verse elaborates that only those devoid of deeper spiritual understanding split knowledge and action into douaity. Wisdom bestows the insight to see them as complementary, establishing the Nishkaama Karma Yoga where action without attachment complements meditative thought, making духовно мудрый the true *sāṅkhya-yogī*.