View source for Sbg4.42


== Sloka 4.42 ==

=== Sloka (श्लोक) ===

<pre>
तस्मादज्ञानसंभूतं हृत्स्थं ज्ञानासिनाऽऽत्मनः।
छित्त्वैनं संशयं योगमातिष्ठोत्तिष्ठ भारत।।4.42।।
</pre>

=== पदच्छेद / Padaccheda ===
तस्मात् अज्ञानसंभूतं हृत्स्थं ज्ञानासिना आत्मनः।
छित्त्वा एनं संशयम् योगम् आत्तिष्ठ उत्तिष्ठ भारत।।

=== Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण) ===
tasmād ajñānasambhūtaṁ hṛtsthaṁ jñānāsinā''tmanaḥ। chittvainaṁ sanśayaṁ yogamātiṣṭhottiṣṭha bhārata।।4.42।।

=== Translation (अनुवाद) ===
Therefore, O Bharata (Arjuna), cut this doubt residing in your heart, born of ignorance, with the sword of knowledge. Take refuge in the yoga and stand up to perform your duties.

अत: हे भारत (अर्जुन), अपने हृदय में स्थित इस अज्ञान से उत्पन्न संशय को ज्ञान की तलवार से काटो। योग में आश्रय लो और अपने कर्तव्यों को करने के लिए उठ खड़े हो जाओ।

=== Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ) ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Sanskrit (संस्कृत) !! English Meaning (अर्थ) !! Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
|-
| तस्मात् || therefore || अतः
|-
| अज्ञानसंभूतं || born of ignorance || अज्ञान से उत्पन्न
|-
| हृत्स्थं || residing in the heart || हृदय में स्थित
|-
| ज्ञानासिना || with the sword of knowledge || ज्ञान की तलवार से
|-
| आत्मनः || of the self || आत्मा से
|-
| छित्त्वा || having cut || काटकर
|-
| एनम् || this || इस
|-
| संशयम् || doubt || संशय
|-
| योगम् || yoga || योग
|-
| आत्तिष्ठ || take refuge || आश्रय लो
|-
| उत्तिष्ठ || stand up || उठो
|-
| भारत || O Bharata (Arjuna) || हे भारत
|}

=== कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+ कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
! कर्ता (Subject) !! क्रिया (Verb) !! विधान (Object) !! अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation !! हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
|-
| आत्मा (self) || छित्त्व || संशयम् (doubt) || The self cuts the doubt || आत्मा संशय को काटे
|-
| भारत (Bharata/Arjuna) || आत्तिष्ठ || योगम् (yoga) || Arjuna takes refuge in yoga || भारत योग में आश्रय लें
|-
| भारत (Bharata/Arjuna) || उत्तिष्ठ || कर्तव्य (duty) || Arjuna stands up for duty || भारत कर्तव्य के लिए उठ खड़ा होता है
|}

=== Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ) ===
* [[ajñāna|ajñāna (अज्ञान)]]
* [[jñāna|jñāna (ज्ञान)]]
* [[saṁśaya|saṁśaya (संशय)]]
* [[yoga|yoga (योग)]]

=== Categories (वर्गीकरण) ===
* Instruction and motivation
* Removal of doubt
* The use of knowledge in action

=== Commentary (टीका) ===
The sloka emphasizes the importance of removing doubts that arise due to ignorance. ''Doubt'' (''saṁśaya'') is depicted as a barrier to action, leading to mental torment and preventing decisive engagement in one’s duties. Here, ''jñāna'' (knowledge) is the instrument, metaphorically referred to as a ''sword'' (''asi''), with which the ''self'' (''ātmā'') is urged to cut through ignorance. Swami Sivananda, in his commentary, describes knowledge as the destroyer of doubts, akin to how light dispels darkness. Alongside, Swami Ramsukhdas' Hindi commentary explains that detachment from actions, while relying on a sense of equanimity and understanding the nature of actions deeply, leads one away from the entrapments of ''saṁsāra'' (worldly existence).

Krishna advises Arjuna to utilise knowledge, a reflection of understanding the eternal self beyond actions, to tackle his inner conflict about duty and righteousness. By standing up, not merely physically but with an inner resolve, and adopting the discipline of yoga, Arjuna is encouraged to perform his duties without attachment (''karma yoga'') or confusion (''bhārata'').

The discussion revolves around themes of ignorance versus knowledge, action versus inaction, and the integration of philosophical insight with practical execution in life’s duties.