View source for Sbg4.4


== Sloka 4.4 ==

```mediawiki

=== Sloka (श्लोक) ===

<pre>
अर्जुन उवाच
अपरं भवतो जन्म परं जन्म विवस्वतः।
कथमेतद्विजानीयां त्वमादौ प्रोक्तवानिति।।4.4।।
</pre>


=== पदच्छेद / Padaccheda ===
अर्जुन: उवाच रितम् अपरम् भवतः जन्म परम् जन्म विवस्वतः कथम् एतत् विजानीयं त्वम् आदौ प्रोक्तवान् इति


=== Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण) ===
arjuna uvāca
aparaṁ bhavato janma paraṁ janma vivasvataḥ
katham etad vijānīyāṁ tvam ādau proktavān iti 


=== Translation (अनुवाद) ===
Arjuna said: Your birth happened later while Vivasvan's birth (the Sun deity) was earlier. How can I understand that you taught this in the beginning?


=== Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ) ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Sanskrit (संस्कृत) !! English Meaning (अर्थ) !! Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
|-
| अर्जुन: || Arjuna (the prince) || अर्जुन
|-
| उवाच || said || कहा
|-
| अपरम् || later || बाद में
|-
| भवतः || your || आपका
|-
| जन्म || birth || जन्म
|-
| परम् || earlier || पहले
|-
| जन्म || birth || जन्म
|-
| विवस्वतः || of Vivasvan (the Sun deity) || विवस्वान का
|-
| कथम् || how || कैसे
|-
| एतत् || this || यह
|-
| विजानीयाम् || could I know/understand || मैं जानूँ
|-
| त्वम् || you || आप
|-
| आदौ || in the beginning || आरम्भ में
|-
| प्रोक्तवान् || taught/did say || कहा
|-
| इति || thus || इसी प्रकार
|}


=== कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+ कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
! कर्ता (Subject) !! क्रिया (Verb) !! विधान (Object) !! अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation !! हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
|-
| अर्जुनः (Arjuna) || उवाच (said) || कथम् एतत् विजानीयाम् (how to know this) || Arjuna said how to know this || अर्जुन ने कहा कि मैं इसे कैसे जानूँ
|-
| त्वम् (You) || प्रोक्तवान् (taught) || आदौ (in the beginning) || You taught in the beginning || आपने आरम्भ में उपदेश दिया
|}


=== Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ) ===
* [[janma|janma (जन्म)]]
* [[vivasvan|vivasvan (विवस्वान)]]
* [[ādau|ādau (आदौ)]]
* [[proktavan|proktavān (प्रोक्तवान्)]]

=== Categories (वर्गीकरण) ===
* Identity Verification through Inquiry
* Divine Birth and Knowledge Transmission
* Comparison of Temporal Existence

=== Commentary (टीका) ===
Arjuna expresses his curiosity regarding the chronological discrepancy in Kṛṣṇa's claim of imparting the same knowledge to Vivasvan at the beginning of creation. He points out the apparent contradiction between Kṛṣṇa's current incarnation and the prehistorical existence of the Sun deity, demonstrating a desire for deeper understanding rather than doubt or skepticism.

In the English commentary, Swami Sivananda elaborates that Arjuna is puzzled by how the divine Kṛṣṇa, who appeared recently, could have shared this ancient wisdom with Vivasvan. The commentary emphasizes Arjuna’s sincere longing to understand the divine play regarding incarnations and teachings.

Similarly, in the Hindi commentary by Swami Ramsukhdas, it elaborates on Arjuna's genuine inquiry rather than an argument or criticism. It addresses Arjuna’s perspective of how after several generations of the Sun's progeny, Kṛṣṇa could have taught the same knowledge at the universe’s inception. The Hindi commentary clarifies that Arjuna seeks understanding for enlightenment in divine mysteries related to birth and teaching, emphasizing that only Kṛṣṇa can unveil such truths effectively.
```

This format adheres to Mediawiki presentation and structured handling of semantic interpretations of Vedic texts. It provides clarity and concise understanding of the sloka through necessary transliterations, meanings, and theological commentary.