View source for Sbg2.20


== Sloka 2.20 ==


Below is the structured analysis of the given sloka along with the respective commentaries provided.

=== Sloka (श्लोक) ===

<pre>
न जायते म्रियते वा कदाचिन्नायं भूत्वा भविता वा न भूयः।
अजो नित्यः शाश्वतोऽयं पुराणो न हन्यते हन्यमाने शरीरे।।2.20।।
</pre>

=== पदच्छेद / Padaccheda ===
न जायते  
म्रियते  
वा  
कदाचित्  
न  
अयम्  
भूत्वा  
भविता  
वा  
न  
भूयः  
अजः  
नित्यः  
शाश्वतः  
अयम्  
पुराणः  
न  
हन्यते  
हन्यमाने  
शरीरे  

=== Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण) ===
na jāyate mriyate vā kadācitn nāyaṃ bhūtvā bhavitā vā na bhūyaḥ|
ajo nityaḥ śāśvato'yaṃ purāṇo na hanyate hanyamāne śarīre||2.20||

=== Translation (अनुवाद) ===
The Self is neither born nor does it die; nor, once it comes into existence, does it ever cease to exist. It is unborn, eternal, changeless, and ancient. Even when the body is slain, the Self is not harmed.

=== Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ) ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Sanskrit (संस्कृत) !! English Meaning (अर्थ) !! Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
|-
न || not || नहीं
|-
जायते || is born || जन्मता है
|-
म्रियते || dies || मरता है
|-
वा || or || या
|-
कदाचित् || at any time || कभी भी
|-
न || not || नहीं
|-
अयम् || this (Self) || यह (आत्मा)
|-
भूत्वा || having been || होकर
|-
भविता || will be || होगा
|-
वा || or || या
|-
न || not || नहीं
|-
भूयः || (any) more || फिर से
|-
अजः || unborn || अजन्मा
|-
नित्यः || eternal || शाश्वत
|-
शाश्वतः || changeless || अटल
|-
अयम् || this (Self) || यह (आत्मा)
|-
पुराणः || ancient || पुराना, सनातन
|-
न || not || नहीं
|-
हन्यते || is killed || मारा जाता
|-
हन्यमाने || being killed || मारे जाने पर
|-
शरीरे || in the body || शरीर में
|}

=== कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+ कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
! कर्ता (Subject) !! क्रिया (Verb) !! विधान (Object) !! अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation !! हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
|-
| अयम् आत्मा (the Self) || न जायते || कदाचित् (at any time) || The Self is not born at any time || यह आत्मा कभी भी जन्म नहीं लेता
|-
| अयम् आत्मा (the Self) || न म्रियते || कदाचित् (at any time) || The Self does not die at any time || यह आत्मा कभी भी मरता नहीं है
|-
| अयम् आत्मा (the Self) || न भूत्वा || न भविता (will not be again) || The Self having been, will not be again || यह आत्मा होकर फिर नहीं होता
|-
| अयम् आत्मा (the Self) || न हन्यते || हन्यमाने शरीरे (when body is killed) || The Self is not killed when the body is killed || शरीर के मारे जाने पर आत्मा मारा नहीं जाता
|}

=== Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ) ===
* [[Self|Self (आत्मा)]]
* [[Unborn|Unborn (अजः)]]
* [[Eternal|Eternal (नित्यः)]]
* [[Changeless|Changeless (शाश्वतः)]]
* [[Ancient|Ancient (पुराणः)]]

=== Categories (वर्गीकरण) ===
* {{Definitions of the Self}}
* {{Eternal and Immutable Nature of the Self}}
* {{Differentiation between Body and Self}}

=== Commentary (टीका) ===
This sloka elaborates on the nature of the Self (आत्मा), emphasizing its immutable, eternal, and indestructible qualities. It is beyond the six transformations (षड्भावविकार) that the body undergoes: birth, existence, growth, change, decay, and death. As Swami Sivananda explains, the Self is not subject to creation or destruction, which is characteristic of the physical body. Similarly, Swami Ramsukhdas highlights that the Self remains unchanged despite the body's decay or transformation. The body may undergo birth and death, but the Self transcends these temporal occurrences. This understanding serves to remove the fear and sorrow related to physical death and emphasizes the need to recognize the eternal nature of the Self. The teachings reflect the assurance that though bodies die, the essential essence within remains untouched and everlasting.