View source for Sbg1.46


== Sloka 1.46 ==

=== Sloka (श्लोक) ===

<pre>
यदि मामप्रतीकारमशस्त्रं शस्त्रपाणयः।
धार्तराष्ट्रा रणे हन्युस्तन्मे क्षेमतरं भवेत्।।1.46।।
</pre>

=== पदच्छेद / Padaccheda ===
यदि माम् \
अप्रतीकारम् \
अशस्त्रम् \
शस्त्रपाणयः \
धार्तराष्ट्राः \
रणे \
हन्युः \
तत् \
मे \
क्षेमतरं \
भवेत्

=== Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण) ===
yadi mām apratīkāram aśastram śastrapāṇayaḥ dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ raṇe hanyuḥ tan me kṣemataraṃ bhavet

=== Translation (अनुवाद) ===
"If unresisting and unarmed, I am slain in battle by the sons of Dhritarashtra who are armed, that would be more beneficial for me."

=== Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ) ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Sanskrit (संस्कृत) !! English Meaning (अर्थ) !! Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
|-
| यदि || if || यदि
|-
| माम् || me || मुझे
|-
| अप्रतीकारम् || unresisting || बिना प्रतिकार के
|-
| अशस्त्रम् || unarmed || निरस्त्र
|-
| शस्त्रपाणयः || with weapons in hand || शस्त्र धारण किए
|-
| धार्तराष्ट्राः || the sons of Dhritarashtra || धृतराष्ट्रपुत्र
|-
| रणे || in battle || युद्ध में
|-
| हन्युः || slay || मारें
|-
| तत् || that || वह
|-
| मे || of me || मेरे लिए
|-
| क्षेमतरम् || better || अधिक हितकर
|-
| भवेत् || would be || होगा
|}

=== कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+ कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
! कर्ता (Subject) !! क्रिया (Verb) !! विधान (Object) !! अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation !! हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
|-
| धार्तराष्ट्राः (the sons of Dhritarashtra) || हन्युः (slay) || माम् अप्रतीकारम् अशस्त्रम् (me, unresisting and unarmed) || The sons of Dhritarashtra should slay me, unresisting and unarmed || धृतराष्ट्र के पुत्र मुझे बिना प्रतिकार एवं निरस्त्र मार दें
|-
| तत् (that) || भवेत् (would be) || मे क्षेमतरम् (better for me) || That would be better for me || वह मेरे लिए अधिक हितकर होगा
|}

=== Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ) ===
* [[apratīkāra|apratīkāra (अप्रतीकार)]] - Unresisting behavior in battle, profound surrender.
* [[aśastram|aśastra (अशस्त्र)]] - The state of being unarmed implies the abandonment of violence.
* [[kṣemetaram|kṣematara (क्षेमतर)]] - More beneficial, possibly representing spiritual victory over worldly attachment.

=== Categories (वर्गीकरण) ===
* Moral dilemmas regarding duty and violence
* Renunciation in face of conflict
* Perspective on victory and defeat

=== Commentary (टीका) ===
In this verse, Arjuna contemplates non-resistance and the potential consequence of being slain by the Dhritarashtra's sons. His willingness to be unarmed and not retaliate is indicative of his inner conflict and the moral weight of the war. Arjuna reflects on the implications of conflict, and hints at the ultimate futility of violent victory compared to inner peace. In essence, he argues that even if slain unarmed and unresisting on the battlefield, his non-participation in killing would be more beneficial as it prevents sin from killing respected elders and dear ones, thus leading to a purer conscience. This sloka reveals his deep-seated aversion to violence and massive destruction, highlighting a profound inner surrender.

Through this thought, the complexities of duty (dharma) depicted in the Mahabharata are underscored, where even clear choices between right and wrong are difficult amidst familial ties. The Hindi commentary expands on Arjuna's rationale, arguing that non-resistance and passivity in this context align with his understanding of his own righteous duty to avoid sin. The fear of accumulating sin by engaging in conflict leads him to venerate, not physical life, but purity of heart and mind, which could be fortified by refraining from killing. Thus, it speaks to the tension between worldly duties and spiritual redemption within the larger dialogue of the Bhagavad Gita.