View source for Sbg1.42


== Sloka 1.42 ==

=== Sloka (श्लोक) ===

<pre>
सङ्करो नरकायैव कुलघ्नानां कुलस्य च।
पतन्ति पितरो ह्येषां लुप्तपिण्डोदकक्रियाः।।1.42।।
</pre>

=== पदच्छेद / Padaccheda ===

- सङ्करः
- नरकाय
- एव
- कुलघ्नानाम्
- कुलस्य
- च
- पतन्ति
- पितरः
- हि
- एषां
- लुप्त-पिण्ड-उदक-क्रियाः

=== Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण) ===

saṅkaraḥ narakāya eva kulaghnānāṃ kulasya ca। patanti pitaraḥ hi eṣāṃ lupta-piṇḍa-udaka-kriyāḥ॥

=== Translation (अनुवाद) ===

The mixing of castes (saṅkara) indeed leads to hell for both the family destroyers (kulaghna) and the family. The ancestors (pitaraḥ) fall down as the offerings of rice and water (piṇḍa-udaka-kriyā) cease for them. 

=== Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ) ===

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Sanskrit (संस्कृत) !! English Meaning (अर्थ) !! Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
|-
| सङ्करः (saṅkaraḥ) || intermixture (confusion) of castes || जाति का संकर
|-
| नरकाय (narakāya) || to hell || नरक को
|-
| एव (eva) || indeed || वास्तव में
|-
| कुलघ्नानाम् (kulaghnānām) || of the destroyers of family || कुलघ्नों का
|-
| कुलस्य (kulasya) || of the family || कुल का
|-
| च (ca) || and || और
|-
| पतन्ति (patanti) || fall || गिरते हैं
|-
| पितरः (pitaraḥ) || ancestors || पितृगण
|-
| हि (hi) || indeed || वास्तव में
|-
| एषां (eṣām) || their || उनका
|-
| लुप्त-पिण्ड-उदक-क्रियाः (lupta-piṇḍa-udaka-kriyāḥ) || offerings of rice and water cease || पिण्ड और जल की क्रियाओं का अभाव
|}

=== कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples ===

{| class="wikitable"
|+ कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
! कर्ता (Subject) !! क्रिया (Verb) !! विधान (Object) !! अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation !! हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
|-
| सङ्करः || नरकाय || एव || Intermixture leads to hell || संकर नरक में ले जाता है
|-
| पितरः || पतन्ति || लुप्त-पिण्ड-उदक-क्रियाः || Ancestors fall due to lack of offerings || पितर गिरते हैं पिण्ड-उदक के अभाव से
|}

=== Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ) ===

* [[saṅkara|saṅkara (सङ्कर)]]
* [[kulaghna|kulaghna (कुलघ्न)]]
* [[pitarah|pitaraḥ (पितरः)]]
* [[piṇḍodaka-kriyā|piṇḍodaka-kriyā (पिण्डोदकक्रिया)]]

=== Categories (वर्गीकरण) ===

* Consequences of Actions
* Ancestral Rites and Duties

=== Commentary (टीका) ===

In this sloka, Śrī Kṛṣṇa elaborates on the detrimental effects of the intermixture of castes (*saṅkara*). Such confusion leads not only those who destroy family traditions (*kulaghna*) to hell but also affects the family as a whole. The neglect of ancestral rites—particularly the offerings of rice balls and water (*piṇḍa-udaka-kriyā*)—results in the ancestors (*pitaraḥ*) falling from their realm of restfulness. The Hindi commentary extends this understanding by stating that children born from such chaos lack reverence for traditions and, consequently, do not fulfill the necessary rituals that sustain forefathers’ peace. These disruptions result in the ancestors’ fall due to the cessation of these rites.   

Through this discussion, the sloka highlights the importance of adhering to societal and familial duties and maintaining traditions for the continued well-being of one's ancestors and society.