View source for Sbg1.28


== Sloka 1.28 ==

=== श्लोक (Sloka) ===

अर्जुन उवाच  
कृपया परयाऽऽविष्टो विषीदन्निदमब्रवीत्।  
दृष्ट्वेमं स्वजनं कृष्ण युयुत्सुं समुपस्थितम्।।1.28।।

=== पदच्छेद / Padaccheda ===

- अर्जुनः
- उवाच 
- कृपया 
- परया 
- आविष्टः 
- विषीदन् 
- इदम् 
- अब्रवीत्।
- दृष्ट्वा 
- इमम् 
- स्वजनम् 
- कृष्ण 
- युयुत्सुम् 
- समुपस्थितम्। 

=== Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण) ===

arjuna uvāca  
kṛpayā parayāvāviṣṭo viṣīdannidamabravīt।  
dṛṣṭvemaṁ svajanaṁ kṛṣṇa yuyutsuṁ samupasthitam।।1.28।।

=== Translation (अनुवाद) ===

Arjuna said, overwhelmed by supreme compassion and sorrow, spoke this: O Krishna, seeing my own relatives eager for battle, arrayed (here).

=== Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ) ===

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Sanskrit (संस्कृत) !! English Meaning (अर्थ) !! Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
|-
| अर्जुनः || Arjuna || अर्जुन
|-
| उवाच || said || कहा
|-
| कृपया || with compassion || करुणा से
|-
| परया || supreme || अत्यधिक
|-
| आविष्टः || overwhelmed || आविष्ट
|-
| विषीदन् || sorrow || विपरीत
|-
| इदम् || this || यह
|-
| अब्रवीत || spoke || बोला
|-
| दृष्ट्वा || having seen || देखकर
|-
| इमम् || this || इस
|-
| स्वजनम् || kinsmen/relatives || स्वजन
|-
| कृष्ण || Krishna || कृष्ण
|-
| युयुत्सुम् || eager to fight || युद्ध के लिए तत्पर
|-
| समुपस्थितम् || arrayed || उपस्थित 
|}

=== कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples ===

{| class="wikitable"
|+ कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
! कर्ता (Subject) !! क्रिया (Verb) !! विधान (Object) !! अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation !! हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
|-
| अर्जुन || उवाच || इदम् अब्रवीत || Arjuna said these words || अर्जुन ने ये शब्द कहे
|-
| अर्जुन || आविष्टः || करुणा से || Arjuna was overwhelmed by compassion || अर्जुन करुणा से अभिभूत थे
|-
| अर्जुन || दृष्ट्वा || इमम् स्वजनम् || Arjuna saw these relatives || अर्जुन ने इन स्वजनों को देखा
|}

=== Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ) ===

* [[kṛpayā|kṛpayā (कृपया)]]
* [[parayā|parayā (परया)]]
* [[svajana|svajana (स्वजन)]]
* [[yuyutsu|yuyutsu (युयुत्सु)]]

=== Categories (वर्गीकरण) ===

* Observations and Reactions (प्रतिक्रिया)
* Emotional Conflict (भावनात्मक संघर्ष)
* Kinsmen and Duty (स्वजन और कर्तव्य)

=== Commentary (टीका) ===

In this sloka, Arjuna expresses his deep emotional turmoil upon seeing his own kin eager for battle, despite the context of duty and action. He is overwhelmed by intense compassion (*kṛpayā parayā*) and sorrow (*viṣīdann*), as he witnesses his relatives ready to fight (*yuyutsuṁ samupasthitam*). The use of the word *svajana* (relatives) signifies that Arjuna's anguish is rooted in the realization that the people he must fight are not strangers but his own family, intensifying his emotional pain and moral conflict. The name *Krishna*, addressed here, reflects the intimate bond and trust Arjuna holds towards the divine charioteer. This moment portrays Arjuna's profound compassion and the heavy burden of moral dilemmas faced when duty opposes personal attachment. The philosophical underpinning of this sloka highlights the inner conflict between dharma (duty) and moha (delusion or attachment).