View source for Sbg1.21


== Sloka 1.21 ==

=== Sloka (श्लोक) ===

<pre>
अर्जुन उवाच
हृषीकेशं तदा वाक्यमिदमाह महीपते।
सेनयोरुभयोर्मध्ये रथं स्थापय मेऽच्युत।।1.21।।
</pre>

=== पदच्छेद / Padaccheda ===
अर्जुनः उवाच  
हृषीकेशम्  
तदा  
वाक्यम्  
इदम्  
आह  
महीपते  
सेनयोः  
उभयोः  
मध्ये  
रथम्  
स्थापय  
मे  
अच्युत  

=== Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण) ===
arjuna uvāca  
hṛṣīkeśaṃ tadā vākyam idam āha mahīpate  
senayor ubhayor madhye rathaṃ sthāpaya me'cyuta  

=== Translation (अनुवाद) ===
Arjuna said, "O Hṛṣīkeśa (Krishna), in the middle of both the armies, please place my chariot, O Achyuta."

=== Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ) ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Sanskrit (संस्कृत) !! English Meaning (अर्थ) !! Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
|-
| अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) || Arjuna || अर्जुन
|-
| उवाच (uvāca) || said || कहा
|-
| हृषीकेशम् (hṛṣīkeśam) || O Hṛṣīkeśa (Krishna) || हे हृषीकेश (कृष्ण)
|-
| तदा (tadā) || then || तब
|-
| वाक्यम् (vākyam) || words || वचन
|-
| इदम् (idam) || this || यह
|-
| आह (āha) || said || कहा 
|-
| महीपते (mahīpate) || O king || हे राजा 
|-
| सेनयोः (senayoḥ) || of the armies || सेनाओं के 
|-
| उभयोः (ubhayor) || of both || दोनों के 
|-
| मध्ये (madhye) || in between || मध्य में 
|-
| रथम् (ratham) || chariot || रथ 
|-
| स्थापय (sthāpaya) || place || स्थापित करें 
|-
| मे (me) || my || मेरा 
|-
| अच्युत (acyuta) || O Achyuta (Krishna) || हे अच्युत (कृष्ण)
|}

=== कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+ कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
! कर्ता (Subject) !! क्रिया (Verb) !! विधान (Object) !! अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation !! हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
|-
| अर्जुनः (Arjuna) || उवाच (said) || वाक्यम् (words) || Arjuna said words || अर्जुन ने वचन कहा
|-
| अर्जुनः (Arjuna) || स्थापय (place) || रथम् (chariot) || Arjuna requests to place the chariot || अर्जुन ने रथ स्थापित करने के लिए कहा
|-
| हृषीकेश (Hṛṣīkeśa) || - || - || O Hṛṣīkeśa || हे हृषीकेश
|-
| अच्युत (Achyuta) || - || - || O Achyuta || हे अच्युत
|}

=== Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ) ===
* [[senā_scattering|senā (सेना)]]
* [[mādhyama_stha_apadāna|madhya (मध्य)]]
* [[yuddha_siddhānta|yuddha (युद्ध)]]
* [[sanātana_dharma|sanātana dharma (सनातन धर्म)]]

=== Categories (वर्गीकरण) ===
* Dialogue instructions
* Battlefield arrangements
* Request to divine guidance

=== Commentary (टीका) ===
The sloka captures the crucial moment when Arjuna requests Krishna to place their chariot in between both armies. Arjuna, standing on the threshold of the great war, wants to observe the warriors assembled to fight. This initial request sets the stage for the ensuing dialogue of the Bhagavad Gita.

In the English commentary by Swami Sivananda, it is noted that Arjuna expresses his wish to see those gathered to fight, thus marking the detailed attention and preparation for the upcoming battle. 

In Swami Ramsukhdas' Hindi commentary, the focus is on Arjuna's request as a stage of transition from valor to introspection and spiritual enlightenment. Initially, Arjuna is portrayed with zeal, commanding Krishna to place the chariot strategically. The commentary delves into Arjuna's inner conflict and curiosity about the adversaries, foreshadowing his ensuing moral and emotional struggle. Ultimately, it emphasizes that regardless of one's position, utilizing the present circumstances for spiritual progress is a crucial teaching.

In this context, Krishna (as Hṛṣīkeśa and Achyuta) stands as the symbol of divine guidance, ready to reveal the spiritual path even amidst the chaos of a potential war, reflecting the constancy of divine dharma (duty).