View source for Sbg1.19


== Sloka 1.19 ==

The provided passage is a sloka from the Bhagavad Gita with accompanying English and Hindi commentaries. Here's a detailed analysis and comprehensive breakdown:

### Sloka (श्लोक)

```plaintext
स घोषो धार्तराष्ट्राणां हृदयानि व्यदारयत्।
नभश्च पृथिवीं चैव तुमुलो व्यनुनादयन्।।1.19।।
```

### पदच्छेद / Padaccheda

```plaintext
स: घोष: धार्तराष्ट्राणाम् हृदयानि व्यदारयत्।
नभ: च पृथिवीं च एव तुमुल: व्यनुनादयन्।।
```

### Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)

```plaintext
saḥ ghoṣaḥ dhārtarāṣṭrāṇāṃ hṛdayāni vyadārayat।
nabhaḥ ca pṛthivīṃ ca eva tumulaḥ vyanunādayan।।1.19।।
```

### Translation (अनुवाद)

The tumultuous sound of conches, drums, and other musical instruments pierced the hearts of the sons of Dhritarashtra (Kauravas) and reverberated across the sky and earth, causing a great resonance.

### Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)

| Sanskrit (संस्कृत) | English Meaning (अर्थ)                     | Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)                 |
|--------------------|--------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|
| स: (saḥ)           | that                                       | वह                                            |
| घोष: (ghoṣaḥ)      | uproar, sound                              | ध्वनि, गर्जन                                 |
| धार्तराष्ट्राणाम् (dhārtarāṣṭrāṇām) | of Dhritarashtra's sons         | धृतराष्ट्र के पुत्रों की                       |
| हृदयानि (hṛdayāni) | hearts                                     | हृदय                                        |
| व्यदारयत् (vyadārayat) | pierced, rent                          | विदीर्ण किया, चीर दिया                       |
| नभ: (nabhaḥ)       | sky                                        | आकाश                                        |
| च (ca)             | and                                        | और                                            |
| पृथिवीं (pṛthivīṃ) | earth                                      | पृथ्वी                                       |
| चैव (ca eva)       | as well                                    | भी                                           |
| तुमुल: (tumulaḥ)   | tumultuous, loud                           | भीषण, घोर                                    |
| व्यनुनादयन् (vyanunādayan) | causing to reverberate              | गूँजा दिया                                   |

### कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples

| कर्ता (Subject)        | क्रिया (Verb)         | विधान (Object)    | अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation                             | हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation                                     |
|------------------------|-----------------------|-------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------|
| घोष: (The sound)       | व्यदारयत् (pierced)  | हृदयानि (hearts)  | The sound pierced the hearts                                       | ध्वनि ने हृदय विदीर्ण कर दिए                                        |
| तुमुल: घोष: (Loud sound) | व्यनुनादयत् (reverberated) | नभ:, पृथिवी (sky, earth) | The tumultuous sound reverberated the sky and earth               | भीषण ध्वनि ने आकाश और पृथ्वी गूँजा दी                                |

### Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)

* [[dhārtarāṣṭrāṇa|dhārtarāṣṭrāṇa (धार्तराष्ट्राणाम्)]]
* [[hṛdaya-vedana|hṛdaya-vedana (हृदय-वेदना)]]
* [[nabha-pṛthivī-nāda|nabha-pṛthivī-nāda (नभ-पृथिवी-नाद)]]

### Categories (वर्गीकरण)

* Description of battle onset
* Psychological effect of sound
* Metaphorical language in Sanskrit

### Commentary (टीका)

The sloka vividly describes the psychological and atmospheric impact of the war cry and sounds from the Pandavas' side. The loud uproar of conches and other instruments used by the Pandavas almost psychically impacted the Kauravas, piercing their hearts, and echoing through the heavens and earth. This sloka symbolically illustrates the moral strength of the Pandavas, rooted in dharma (right conduct), and reflects their superior emotional and spiritual resolve, evident in the reaction it provoked from the Kauravas, whose hearts were torn.

The Hindi commentary emphasizes that the Pandavas' sound instilled fear and weakened the Kauravas due to their own inner guilt and immorality. Thus, the resonance of righteousness was mighty against unethical deeds. The discussion pivots around the principle that those who dwell in righteousness (like the Pandavas) remain unyielding against adversity, unlike those indulged in unjust actions (like Duryodhana and his allies) who have fragile hearts fraught with fear and uncertainty.

The teaching extends to a self-reflective guide for practitioners to lead a life free from injustice and unrighteousness as inner peace and strength originate from such way of life.